Where does rubella come from and how is it dangerous

Rubella vaccination in the Russian Federation is among the mandatoryOrder of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Health of Russia) dated March 21, 2014 No. N 125n g. Moscow "On the approval of the national calendar of preventive vaccinations and the calendar of preventive vaccinations for epidemic indications". Nevertheless, there is a risk of infection, for example, for people who have not been vaccinated, received only a single dose of the vaccine or if their post-vaccination immunity has decreased due to individual features.

And the consequences can be the most disastrous.

What is rubella

It is an infectious disease accompanied by a reddish rash. The causative agent is an infectious, but harmless enough virusRubella: Symptoms and Causes.

However, there is a category of people for whom it can be extremely dangerous.

To whom and how is rubella dangerous?

If an unimmune woman encounters the virus in the first trimester of pregnancy, she is 90% likely toRubella will transmit the infection to the unborn child.

As a result, the baby will be born with the so-called congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). He is Gregg's triad. This disease will definitely hit the three most important systems of the body at once: cardiovascular, visual and auditory.

Children with CRS are more likely to suffer from hearing impairment, vision problems, heart defects, and other life-long disabilities, including autism, diabetes and thyroid dysfunction.

In 15% of cases, rubella in pregnant women leadsRubella to miscarriage, including at a later date.

Therefore, if rubella is detected, doctors strongly recommend terminating the pregnancy. If a baby with CRS is born, it can spread the virus for a year or more after birth. That is, it becomes a threat to other people, and especially to other pregnant women and their unborn children.

How to protect yourself from rubella

The only really effective way is vaccination. In the Russian Federation, it is usually carried out as part of the PDA - combined vaccinations from measles, mumps, rubella.

Even a single dose is enoughRubellato provide a 95% chance of providing long-term immunity against infection.

Before the vaccine was developed, up to 4 out of 1,000 babies were born with CRS. Thanks to mass immunization, rubella and the Gregg triad were almost eliminated. So, in the USA, where vaccinations have been massively done for several decades, they are diagnosed annuallyPrevention of Measles, Rubella, Congenital Rubella Syndrome, and Mumps, 2013: Summary Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) less than 10 cases of rubella. The same applies to RussiaINCIDENCE OF MEASLES AND REDNEOUS IN RUSSIA IN 2017.

However, many people may not be aware of the disease and not get included in the statistics - simply because they did not pay attention to the symptoms and did not go to the doctor.

What are the symptoms of rubella

Often, the signs of rubella are so mild that they are difficult to see.

About 25-50% of people infected with rubella do not noticeRubella: Symptoms no symptoms.

As we said above, the most striking and unpleasant manifestation of rubella in adults and children is a specific rash. However, it is almost invisible, it is confused with skin irritation or food allergies. Not too abundant pink spots first appear on the face and neck, then go down the body, last 1–3 days and disappear in the same sequence as they appeared.

But 1–5 days before the rash occurs, if you listen to how you feel, you can find other symptoms. Here they are.

• The temperature is over 37 ° C, which doesn't seem to have the slightest reason.
• Headache.
• Nasal congestion or runny nose.
• Reddened as if sore eyes.
• Enlarged lymph nodes on the neck - especially on the back and behind the ears.
• Body aches and joint pain, although you do not seem to be physically overexerted.

What to do if you suspect rubella

Definitely go to a therapist. The doctor will ask you about your symptoms, lifestyle, conduct an examination and offer to take blood tests. They will allow you to confirm or deny a preliminary diagnosis.

If the virus is found, you will be prescribed treatment. Symptomatic, since there is no other for todayRubella: Treatment. Most often it boils down to the need to stay in bed, limit contact with people and, if unwell, relieve the condition with over-the-counter pain relievers (for example, based on paracetamol).