From depression to rigidity: what lies behind the popular psychological terms

A Life / by admin / December 19, 2019

click fraud protection

1. Depression

The name of this mental disorder comes from the Latin deprimo, which means "to press", "suppressing". And in general, this word describes the human situation is completely immersed into a depression. It is characterized by three main symptoms:

deterioration of mood and inability to enjoy;
abnormal thinking;
motor retardation.

Contrary to some beliefs, depression - this is not a situation where a person "lost heart" because he was "doing nothing." And the statement that "until now has suffered from depression, just now it is fashionable," also does not correspond to the truth. This disease was described in antiquity as "melancholy."

Depression It requires treatment, since worsens the quality of life and increases the risk of suicide, particularly among adolescentsManual of Psychiatry, ed. Academician Alexander Tiganova group.

2. frustration

This word describes the alarm condition, which occurs when the desire to diverge with the possibilities. Of course, frustration does not appear whenever you like the Bentley, but only lasted for a bicycle. We are talking about a traumatic situation that gives rise to frustration, anxiety, anger, frustration. Because of the failure, after which the person does not get the desired, he feels cheated.

instagram viewer

In a state of frustration, people often continue to fight for the desired result.

Frustration is typical, for example, for women who have unsuccessfully tried conceive for a long time and have tried all embodiments, including IVF.

In this controlled frustration used by psychologists as one of the treatment methods.

3. deprivation

This term refers to a condition in which a person can not meet basic needs, for example, does not have access to housing products, health care, communication and so on.

You may have heard of sensory deprivation chambers that isolate a person from any sensations. They are used for meditation and relaxation, but many are concerned and anxious, having lost the familiar sensations.

When deprivation in the psychological sense, man is deprived of vital things, and this is reflected in his condition.

Deprivation is different from the mechanism of frustration: deprivation arises from the inability to satisfy the desires, whereas the frustration associated with setbacks on the way to set goals. Deprivation - more severe condition, which leads to aggression, self-destructive depression.

4. Sublimation

This protective mechanism first described psyche Sigmund Freud. The psychologist suggested that the man to take the pressure off, redirects energy from one sphere of activity to another. First of all, he saw the transformation of unsatisfied sexual desire, for example, in the work.

Freud, in particular, wrote off the genius of Leonardo da Vinci that the artist and inventor showed no interest in sex, and his work - the result of sublimation.

5. victimization

It is especially in human behavior, allegedly attracted to him others aggression. The concept is widely used in the Russian criminology and in the organs that need to protect victims of crime. As an illustration, often use the argument that, for example, rapist He will attack the woman who was frightened, and let the one that will give him back.

In the West, the term is criticized even in the 70s, and now it is almost never used in the form in which is used in Russia.

First, such an approach shifts the responsibility for a crime on the victim, although the decision to commit an illegal act or not, always takes the subject, not an object. Second, for every offender there is a set of qualities that provoke aggression.

Also, the concept of victimization is based on the belief in the justice of the world: "If you will behave correctly, it will happen to you anything bad; if you become a victim, then he behaved properly. " Hence the prevalence of the position of "own fault" against the victim. It helps to calm down, to convince myself that "bad things happen to bad people, to me this will not happen, I'm good." However, the "correct" behavior is not insurance against trouble.

6. Gestalt

Is the German word for the image, which is something more than just the sum of its parts. For example, a person is able to learn the melody, even if her tone changed, or correctly read a text in which the letters are swapped. That is melody - it is not just a set of notes and the text - letters.

On these images constructed Gestalt psychology, in which states that a plurality of internal and external factors acting on the human perception.

Psyche organizes experience in understanding the available form. This is why two people looking at the same object, can see completely different.

Depending on the circumstances surrounding human reality is divided into background and important figures. For example, if he is hungry, among the objects around him, he will allocate burger. Fed people pay attention to something else, and the burger here is only part of the background.

Gestalt therapy, though not a direct descendant of Gestalt psychology, focuses precisely on such a model of perception. The psychologist helps the patient to work on identity, Understand that it is concerned, to work out the situation and let her go. It uses the principle of "here and now": the current importance of emotion and thought.

Gestalt, which is recommended to close - is an unfinished process, annoyingly sitting in memory and causes a desire to replay the situation.

In this case it is assumed or finish the job, for example to make up with a friend, with whom quarrel is haunted by the past 10 years, or to work on their feelings, to break the cycle circle.

7. procrastination

So called a tendency to permanent shelving scheduled for later cases, even urgent and important. This condition is often wrongly confused with laziness. But lazy people just do not want to do anything and not going through because of this. Prokrastiniruyuschy suffers and suffers, but still find a million excuses why the planned will wait.

Procrastination can be more exhausting than the pending case. In addition to the regular failure of deadlines generates a lot of problems associated with the quality of work, earnings and so on.

8. rigidity

Cognitive rigidity involves the inability to reconstruct a picture of the world in mind when new information. If a person believes that the earth is flat, even a flight into orbit with the contemplation of the blue ball did not convince him. When people are motivated motivational rigidity habitual needs and ways to meet them. Several prominent representatives of you probably find in the queue for fixed phone payments to savings accounts.

Finally, affective rigidity involves emotional fixation on anything. For example, in the morning on the tram you stepped on the foot, and the whole day you are angry at "cad", telling the story of colleagues. Another aspect of affective rigidity - strict binding events and emotions. By repeating the situation, people will experience the same feeling as the first time.