As modern life causes cancer
Health / / December 19, 2019
In developed countries with high standard of living by 1.8% more likely to get cancer. By the number of patients with melanoma, renal cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma, these countries exceedComparing more & less developed countries developing three times. The Western world leader in the incidence of prostate cancer, colon and breast cancer.
In countries with a low standard of living malignant tumors 25% are caused by infectionsThe rising burden of cancer in the developing world: Human papilloma virus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes type 8 and others. With the development of medicine there are ways to overcome the infection. But, despite this, the incidence of cancer is increasing rapidly.
To replace the virus comes poor environment and an unhealthy lifestyle. Below we will look at the factors that lead to disease.
What affects the occurrence of cancer
Lack of physical activity
Around the world, 31% of adults who are movingGlobal physical activity levels: surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects enough. And in high income countries, physical activity is lower than in the less developed and prosperous.
Physical activity reducesEffect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy the risk of developing breast cancer by 25%, and colorectal cancerPhysical activity and cancer risk. - by 40-50%.
Scientists still do not know why physical activity protects against cancer. It is assumed that:
- Activity affects the production of sex and metabolic hormones and growth factors. The risk of breast cancer is reduced by reducing the production of estrogens.
- Physical activity improves intestinal peristalsis, the food does not stay there for long. And it reduces the risk of inflammation and cancer.
- Lack of exercise reduces insulin sensitivity. This creates a favorable environment for the growth of tumors.
- Physical activity increases the nonspecific immunity - absorption of the living and non-living particles by phagocytes. This helps to destroy cancer cells.
- Activity helps to reduce and maintain weight.
Many doctors recommendPhysical activity and cancer prevention: etiologic evidence and biological mechanisms. at least 30 minutes of physical activity five or more days a week.
Obesity and overweight
On 2017 obese in the worldREPORT: OBESITY RATES BY COUNTRY - 2017 774 million people. Most of them - in the developed countries: the US (33%), Saudi Arabia (34.7%), Canada (28%), Australia (28.6%), the UK (28.1%).
People with obesity often develop cancer of the digestive tract, thyroid, kidney, liver and gall bladder. In fat women often are diagnosed with breast and uterine cancer.
And scientists do not know again why excess fat leads to cancer. But put forward threeHow being overweight causes cancer probable causes:
- Hormonal changes. Fat releases hormones (insulin and other growth factors), which causes cells to divide more frequently. This can change them and lead to cancer.
- Increases inflammation. With the growth of fat cells and increases the number of immune. Immune cells produce cytokines - substances that lead to inflammation. This causes cells to divide more frequently and increases the risk of cancer.
- Sex hormones. Fat cells release estrogen - the female sex hormones. Increased estrogen after menopause can negatively affect breast and uterine cells: make the cell to divide more often provoke mutations and cancer.
To figure out whether you are overweight, calculate your body mass index (BMI).
The longer you suffer from excess weight, the greater the risk of getting cancer. Discard extra weight as soon as possible: go to healthy Eating, Move more and Find your sport.
Excessive intake of fried and salty foods
Fast food, salty snacks, marinated and roasted meat products contain carcinogens and increase the risk of developing cancer.
The constant useSalt and gastrointestinal cancer salty foods increases the risk of stomach cancer by 1.78-fold, colon cancer - 1.53 times and colon cancer - 1.74 times. also increaseDietary factors and gastric cancer risk. A case-control study in Spain. risk of smoked and pickled foods, bakedDiet and stomach cancer in Korea. fish and meat stews.
The higher the temperature at which meat was treated, the harmfulPan-fried meat containing high levels of heterocyclic aromatic amines but low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induces cytochrome P4501A2 activity in humans. it becomes. When meat is fried at 100 ° C, there is produced little harmful substances. But when the temperature goesEffect of cooking temperature on the formation of heterocyclic amines in fried meat products and pan residues. mark 150 ° C, increases the number of carcinogens.
There are healthy foods that help protect against cancer. reduce the riskDietary factors and stomach cancer mortality yellow and green vegetables, fruits (especially citrus), tofu, sesame oil.
Therefore it is necessary:
- To exclude a heat treatment of meat over 100-150 ° C. Boil it, cook steamed fry in the pan at a low temperature.
- Remove from the diet of pickled foods, salted fish. Less salt to meals.
- Eat more green and yellow vegetables and fruits.
- Fill salads with sesame oil.
Bad habits
Alcohol
Alcoholic beverages increaseFood, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective the risk of developing cancer of the mouth, pharynx and larynx. Alcohol consumption increases the risk of colorectal cancer - malignant tumors in the colon. For women receiving alcohol increases the risk of developing mammary cancer. In addition, alcohol contributes to the development of cirrhosis, which increases the risk of liver cancer.
There are several assumptions why alcohol increases the risk of cancer:
- some metabolites alcoholSuch as acetaldehyde, may be carcinogenic.
- Alcohol increases the amount of prostaglandins, causing peroxidation of lipids and promotes the production of free radicals.
- Alcohol increases the penetration of carcinogens into the cells.
Smoking tobacco
Tobacco smoking - it is the main reasonFood, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective lung cancer. 80% of all cases of lung cancer in men and 50% in women caused by this harmful habit.
However, smoking may suffer not only the lungs. scientists have linkedHow smoking causes cancer smoking tobacco from 15 types of cancer. Including esophageal cancer, urinary bladder, pancreas and liver.
Cigarette smoke contains at least 80 known carcinogens. Including arsenic, cadmium, ammonia and formaldehyde. These substances cause mutations and cell death. In addition, active smoking decreases the amount of antioxidants: carotene, cryptoxanthin and ascorbic acid, which protect the body against oxidative stress and cell destruction.
The body cope with stress by smoking, but the longer you smoke, the harder it is necessary. While the term of smoking is more important than the number of cigarettes per day.
Two cigarettes a day for ten years, is more dangerous than a pack a day for five years.
So do not throw gradually reducing the number of cigarettes. Remember that the longer you smoke, the risk to get sick anymore.
stresses
Constant stress and depressionStress, work and mental health: a global perspective. - the scourge of modern society. Rapid changes in the society, lack of time and tense work environment to increase the number of disorders associated with stress.
stress increasesRelationship between cancer and psychology: an updated history. the risk of cancer and acceleratesImpact of stress on cancer metastasis course of the disease. Stress hormones (norepinephrine and epinephrine) stimulate the migration and invasion of cells, so that cancer spreads quickly throughout the body.
Also greatly reduces stressStress: A Cause of Cancer? immunity and the body missing funds for the fight against damaged cells.
conclusion
Nothing can protect you from cancer by 100%. Are always factors that are difficult or impossible to eliminate. For example, a genetic predisposition or environmental pollution. However, our still much depends.
Only 5-10% of all cancers are inherited from parents, and all the rest arise from the destruction of the cells accumulated over a lifetime.
Here are the rules for the prevention of cancer:
- Add at least 30 minutes in the schedule aerobic exercise five or more days a week.
- Keep your weight within a normal body mass index.
- Eat more vegetables and fruits. Reduce the amount of salt and savory foods. Cook meat and fish at a temperature not higher than 100-150 ° C.
- Give up smoking and alcohol.
- Avoid stressful situations. Learn to cope with stress.
see also🧐
- 5 ways to check yourself for cancer
- Scourge of the XXI century: phobias, illnesses and disorders of modern man
- 14 of the most common and dangerous types of cancer