How to recognize a mental disorder in the manner of communication

Health / by admin / December 19, 2019

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Depression

According toDepression WHO, depression - the most common mental illness: it affects more than 300 million people worldwide. In depression there is a persistent low mood and self-esteem, loss of interest in life and the same hobbies, pessimism, sleep disturbance and appetite.

person referred to in the depression has its own characteristics:

Quiet voice.
Lack of desire to carry on a conversation.
Long thought before answering, lethargy, careful choice of words.
frequent useIn an Absolute State: Elevated Use of Absolutist Words Is a Marker Specific to Anxiety, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation words with a negative connotation ( "lonely," "sad," "unfortunate"), the pronouns "I" and the words that express the totality ( "always", "nothing", "whole").

In addition, there is the concept of masked depression, when people hide their problems and trying to seem happy. Recognize the disorder in this case is not easy: the source will always deny all of life's difficulties. Can make jokes about suicide.

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Masked depression harder to recognize. Such patients will try to not affect the dialogue topics of concern to them, to emphasize that they have everything in life is good. But we should start talking about the areas where they have difficulty, we see despair on his face and hear the phrase: "Where do I take the time? All have time, I have a whole life ahead. "

Lucyna Lukyanov, psychotherapist, head physician of the medical center "Happiness"

Bipolar affective disorder (BAR)

bipolar disorderOr manic depression - is another mental disorder associated with a change in mood. they sufferMental disorders about 60 million people in the world. The life of such people held in two modes: mania (or hypomania - its lightweight form) and depression. The duration of each individual and unpredictable period may be from several days to several months.

A characteristic feature - the phase change: elevated mood or desire to move, to do something, to create, perform and depression, apathy, despondency, helplessness, indifference. The moment will come when the phase change, it is impossible to predict.

Alexander Shvets, MD, Ph.D., neurologist clinic "Catherine"

Manic phase characterized by an incredible rise of mood and energy, increased activity, including sexual. Energy so much that a person ceases to eat and sleep, he kept busy. These patients should be different signs in the manic phase:

Excessive talkativeness. Agitated man, jumps from one thought to another.
Boasting, self-confidence and the feasibility of their plans. The man says that he is ready to move mountains and to complete many different projects.
Delusions (manifested in special cases). For example, a patient may say that he was all jealous and want to cause harm.

The depressive phase is accompanied by a loss of strength, self-esteem, sexual desire, loss of interest in former hobbies and life in general. The man depressed, lethargic, does not want to communicate with anybody. In severe cases, suicide plans.

Generalized anxiety disorder

Susceptible to the diseaseEpidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century third of the world population. Man is constantly experiencing anxiety and alarm, Suffer from unpleasant sensations in the body: shivering, sweating, dizziness, discomfort in the solar plexus. Anxiety usually cause a variety of fears related to the future.

Among the features of communication:

Stories about their own fears. Man afraid of then flying on a plane, then get into the elevator, then talk, then go to unfamiliar places.
Constant anger and complaints, including on health.

This is often single people who have not attained the success in personal life and work. Often they are somewhat outraged: the leadership of the country or company where they work, the situation in the country or at home - all with what face in life.
Lucyna Lukyanova

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Another disease associated with anxiety. During his patients have obsessive scary thoughts, with whom he is not able to fight. To get rid of anxiety, a man performs a ritual: spits over his left shoulder, check all the locks in the house, washes his hands, and so on. These actions may seem meaningless, but they help the patient briefly alleviate the condition.

A person with OCD can be identified by the same token, in a speech that patients with generalized anxiety disorder. This complaint, suspiciousness, repetitive talk about fears. However, much more effective would be to observe his behavior, keep track of the ritual. A typical patient OCD - American inventor Howard Hughes, life is made into a film "The Aviator." He constantly washing his hands, he was afraid to pick up the infection.

OCD patients are very difficult to identify search phrases in the speech, the exception - if the person wants to tell you about what was bothering him. They are easy to notice when people watch in the park, for example.
Lucyna Lukyanova

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

The disorder can occur after undergoing the traumatic situation, most often associated with life-threatening. Ill - victims of sexual or other violence, terrorist attacks, members of hostilities. They try to avoid talking, places and situations that might remind them of the experienced events, but the memories keep coming back to them. In severe cases, the patient can expel from the event memory as to forget.

Ill PTSD suffer simultaneously from the depressive and anxiety symptoms, so their voice can be found the same characteristics as that of the patients with depression or anxiety disorder.

Note that some of their statements is difficult because they are trying with no one to talk, living in their own experiences. But if the dialogue still take place, then you will not hear a word of happiness, joy and love. Interlocutor with PTSD or is reticent, or dedicate his story of the trouble that happened to him.
Lucyna Lukyanova

Schizophrenia

according to WHOMental disordersSchizophrenia affects 23 million people worldwide. This is a serious mental illness that is accompanied by disturbances in thinking, perception of reality, emotions, speech and behavior. Patients missing a critical attitude to his condition, in most cases, they are sure to recover. A typical example - a mathematician and Nobel laureate in economics John Nash, the life which was filmed the movie "A Beautiful Mind."

Recognize schizophrenia can be on the following grounds:

Suspiciousness and paranoia. A person can be sure that he is being persecuted or want to harm.
Grandiose ideas and plans.
Delusions. The patient may think that the world has long been captured by aliens.
Inability to engage in dialogue and to formulate thoughts. They are cut off or somewhere in between offers (shperrung) or consist of a random set of words (verbal hash).

One of the most striking manifestations of schizophrenia in speech - is delusional symptoms persecution. The patient is convinced that he put a spoke in the wheel, watching him. He will whisper about their guesses in your ear, looking around.
Lucyna Lukyanova

Remember: a diagnosis of only one manner of speech and can not communicate. However, if you think that the behavior of a loved one has changed, the manifest power of observation. In the presence of the described symptoms better show it to your doctor.