“Sanitary and hygienic monitoring of soils and waters” - course 21,000 rubles. from MSU, training 4 weeks. (1 month), Date: December 4, 2023.

instagram viewer

1 Sanitary and hygienic monitoring of soils and waters: theoretical foundations and methods

1.1 History of development, fundamentals of the doctrine of the ecological and sanitary-hygienic state of the environment.

1.2 Naturally – scientific basis, theory, methods of sanitary and hygienic monitoring.

1.3 Principles of organizing sanitary and hygienic monitoring in the Russian Federation. Soil and water monitoring program, requirements for it.

1.4 International and national programs for monitoring environmental objects. Foreign experience in organizing monitoring

2 Justification and selection of soil and water condition indicators to be controlled during sanitary and hygienic monitoring

2.1 Justification for the list of indicators controlled during sanitary and hygienic monitoring. The most important chemical, physicochemical, biological indicators of soils and waters and methods for their determination.

2.2 Forms of occurrence of chemicals in soils and waters. The influence of landscape-geochemical, biogeocenotic conditions on the transformation, fixation and migration of chemicals

3 Regulatory framework for soil and water monitoring

3.1 Approaches to standardization of the content of pollutants in soils and waters: sanitary and hygienic, statistical, based on the best available technologies, acceptable risk.

3.2 Fundamentals of sanitary and hygienic regulation of the composition of natural environments. The concept of maximum permissible concentrations (MAC) of chemicals in natural environments. Features of soils and waters as objects of regulation.

3.3 Fundamentals of the concept of environmental regulation of the content of chemicals in natural environments. Approaches to determining maximum permissible loads on the soil and ecosystem. Assessment of the quality of natural environments based on the composition of background territories. Statistical approach to standardization of pollutant levels.

3.4 Fundamentals of concepts for regulating the content of pollutants in soils and waters based on the best available technologies and environmental risk. Methodology for calculating the risk to human health, based on domestic principles of hygienic regulation. Classification of levels of individual lifetime risk. Collective risk

4 Theory, methods for monitoring chemical indicators of contaminated soils

4.1 Concepts of pollutants. Hazard classes of chemicals. Soil pollution with heavy metals, acidic substances, petroleum products, detergents, pesticides.

4.2 Methods for determining chemical indicators of soil condition during soil monitoring and requirements for them. Metrological characteristics of soil analysis methods and requirements for them. Justification of the sampling system.

4.3. Specific features of monitoring the condition of soils contaminated with pollutants of various natures (heavy metals, pesticides, oil, petroleum products). Total indicator of soil pollution (Zc). Biotesting

4.4 Agrochemical soil monitoring. Controlled indicators of soil condition during agrochemical soil monitoring. State of arable soils in the Russian Federation

5 Theory, methods for monitoring chemical indicators of contaminated waters

5.1 Ecological functions of the hydrosphere. Assessment of the sanitary and hygienic state of the hydrosphere. Pollutants in aquatic environments, their danger to living organisms. Water quality criteria. MPC, UDC, PDS

5.2 Classification of waters. Anthropogenic disturbances in the composition of waters of different categories of use. Features of surface waters as a monitoring object. Biotesting and chemical methods for characterizing the state of natural waters. Indicators of water properties.

5.3 Comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of waters. Water Pollution Index (WPI), Chemical Pollution Index (CPI). The quality of surface waters in the Russian Federation and its dynamics based on the results of environmental monitoring.

6 Monitoring of microbiological parameters of soils and waters

6.1 Techniques and methods for selecting and preparing samples for microbiological studies. Sampling technique. Rules of asepsis and sterility. Transportation and storage of samples, preparation for analysis.

6.2 Main indicator organisms used in assessing the sanitary and hygienic state of the environment, methods of isolation and identification.

6.3 Monitoring the microbiological state of soils. Assessment of the degree of soil enrichment with microorganisms.

7 Remote monitoring.

7.1 Remote aerospace monitoring - the use of aerial photographs and space imagery materials for mapping.

7.2 Global monitoring. Background monitoring. Biosphere reserves

8 Assessment of the condition of soils and waters based on the results of sanitary and hygienic monitoring

8.1 State of soils and waters of the Russian Federation, influence of regional and production factors.

8.2 Assessing the risk to human health caused by pollutants: the concept of additional risk; calculation of risk when exposed to pollutants.

final examination
exam