Physics courses 10th grade - free course from TutorOnline Online School, training 87 ac. hours, Date: December 5, 2023.
Miscellaneous / / December 05, 2023
The course covers all topics approved by the Russian Ministry of Education and included in the specification of the examination paper.
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Mechanics
Kinematics
- Mechanical movement. Relativity of mechanical motion. Reference system Material point. Trajectory. Moving. Addition of movements.
- Speed. Addition of speeds. Acceleration of a material point Uniform linear motion. Uniformly accelerated linear motion
- Free fall. The motion of a body thrown at an angle to the horizontal.
- Movement of a point in a circle. Linear and angular speed. C/s acceleration.
- Solid body. Translational and rotational motion of a rigid body.
Dynamics
- Inertial reference systems. Newton's first law.
- Galileo's principle of relativity. Body mass. Density of matter
- Force. Superposition principle.
- Newton's second law in two forms Newton's third law. The law of universal gravitation. Gravity.
- Dependence of gravity on height. Movement of celestial bodies and artificial satellites. First escape velocity.
- Elastic force. Hooke's law. Friction force. Types of friction. Solid pressure
Statics
- Moment of force relative to the axis of rotation. Conditions for the equilibrium of a rigid body in ISO Pascal's Law
- Pressure in a liquid Archimedes' Law. Sailing conditions
Conservation laws in mechanics
- Momentum of a material point Momentum of a system of bodies. The law of conservation and change of momentum is: a) taking into account external forces, b) without taking into account external forces.
- Work of force at a short distance. Power of force.
- Kinetic energy of a material point. Law of change E
- Potential energy for potential forces. The law of change and conservation of mechanical energy.
Mechanical vibrations and waves
- Harmonic vibrations. Amplitude and phase. Kinematic description. Dynamic description. Energy.
- Relationship between the amplitude of the initial value and the amplitude of velocity and acceleration. Constant characteristics of the oscillatory system.
- Forced vibrations. Resonance. Resonance curve. Transverse and longitudinal waves. Speed and wavelength. Interference and diffraction. Sound. Sound speed.
Molecular physics. Thermodynamics.
Molecular physics
-Models of the structure of gases, liquids and solids. Thermal movement. Temperature.
- Interaction of particles of matter. Diffusion. Brownian motion.
- Ideal gas model in MCT: particles move chaotically and do not interact with each other. Basic MKT equation.
- Absolute temperature The relationship between gas temperature and the average kinetic energy of particle motion. Relationship between pressure and temperature
- Ideal gas model in thermodynamics. Equation of gas state. Internal energy of a monatomic ideal gas.
- Dalton's law. Isoprocesses. Charts
- Saturated and unsaturated pairs. Dependence of density and pressure on temperature and independence on volume. Air humidity. Relative humidity.
- Changes in the aggregate states of matter: evaporation and condensation, boiling.
- Changes in the aggregate states of matter: melting and crystallization. Energy conversion in phase transitions
Thermodynamics
- Thermal equilibrium and temperature. Internal energy. Heat transfer as a way to change internal energy without doing work.
- Convection, thermal conductivity, radiation.
- Quantity of heat. Specific Heat Capacity Specific heat of fusion. Specific heat of vaporization. Specific heat of combustion of fuel.
- Elementary work in t/d. Calculation of work according to the schedule p (V).
- The first law of t/d. Second law t/d. Irreversibility.
- The operating principle of heat engines. Efficiency
- Maximum efficiency value. Carnot cycle.
- Heat balance equation.
Electrodynamics
Electric field
- Electrification of bodies. Electric charge. Law of conservation of electric charge.
- Interaction of charges. Coulomb's law. Electric field. Its effect on point charges
- Tension. Point charge field. Power lines. Superposition principle.
- Potential difference and voltage. Electric field potential. Potential energy. Connection between E and U.
- Conductors in an electric field.
- Dielectrics in an electric field. The dielectric constant
- Capacitor. Capacitance of the capacitor. Electrical capacity of a flat capacitor.
- Capacitor connections.. Energy of a charged capacitor.
DC laws
- Current strength. D.C. Conditions for the existence of current. Voltage U and EMF E.
- Ohm's law for a section of the circuit Electrical resistance.
- Dependence of conductor resistance on its length and cross-sectional area. ud resistance
- Current sources. EMF and internal resistance of the current source
- Ohm's law for a complete circuit
- Conductor connections. Work of electric current. Joule-Lenz law.
- Electric current power P = IR
- Thermal power across the resistor.
- Current source power P = IE
- Free carriers of electric charges in conductors. Mechanism of conduction of solid metals, solutions (electrolytes), gases.
- P/n.
- P/P diode
A magnetic field
- Interaction of magnets. A magnetic field.
- Magnetic induction vector. Magnetic field lines.
- The principle of superposition.
- Oersted's experience. Magnetic field of a current-carrying conductor.
- Ampere power. Lorentz force
- Movement of a charged particle in one field.
Electromagnetic induction
- Magnetic induction vector flux.
- The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
- EMF.
- Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.
- induced emf in a straight conductor moving in a magnetic field.
- Lenz's rule
- Inductance
- Self-induction.
- EMF of self-induction.
- Magnetic field energy of a current coil
- Straight-line light propagation
- Ray
- Law of light reflection
- Constructing an image in a flat mirror
- Laws of refraction
- Absolute and relative refractive indices
- Path of rays in a prism
- Total internal reflection
- Limit angle
- Converging and diverging lenses
- Thin lens formula
- Increase
- The path of a ray passing through the lens at an arbitrary angle to the axis
- Constructing an image of a point and a segment