Linux administration. Mega - rate 35,000 rub. from Slurm, training 13 lessons, Date: December 1, 2023.

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Introduction to the course

• About the course
• Course speaker
• Certification
• Practice information

1. Linux installation process

You will learn how the installation process goes, what the OS consists of, what LVM is and why it is needed.

Theory:

• Linux installation process step by step
• Description of automatic installation via graphical installer
• /dev
• /sys
• /proc
• LVM

Practice:

• Install Linux without using a graphical installer
• Test for knowledge of the filling and installation steps.

2. Processes and rights

You will understand how processes and rights work, learn how to manipulate them through the console.

Theory:

• How processes and rights work
• Methods of manipulating processes and rights
• /proc
• lsof (entities that the process “holds”)
• attrs

Practice:

• Perform manipulations with processes and files on the stand: increase the priority of the process, pause the process, through an ACL, give the group rights to all files in the directory.

3. Working in the console

You will learn techniques for speeding up work in bash and understand the basic utilities needed in everyday life. Learn to quickly manipulate text through the console using the vi/vim text editor or grep, awk and sed utilities.

Theory:

• Basics of working with screen/tmux, watch
• I/O/Error streams, cat, echo
• Printing output streams via redirection, passing data to input stream
• Environment Variables (env)
• Working with output, awk, grep, sed

Practice:

• Replace a string in a hundred files using sed
• Get output from a command in a specific format using grep and awk
• Provide vim commands that can be used to change one line to another in a file
• Test of knowledge of basic vim commands.

4. Writing bash scripts

Learn to write bash scripts with loops and conditions.

Theory:

• Conditions and loops in bash
• How to write one-liners
• How to write bash script files

Practice:

• Write a bash one-liner that parses a large file
• Write a bash script that parses Nginx logs into a convenient format.

5. System services

You will learn how services work in Linux and how to create your own. You will understand how Systemd differs from SysV/OpenRC, and you will understand what is better to use in a particular situation. Learn to use crond and systemd.timer.

Theory:

• Systemd (priority) and SysV
• Adding services to startup
• View a list of services, get their status
• Crond
• systemd. timer

Practice:

• Create a simple service that runs a program in the background
• Create systemd. timer is a task that will parse Nginx logs once a minute and save it to a file.

6. Monitoring and logging

You will learn how to get logs at the system level, how to view resource monitoring at the system level, what monitoring systems are and how they work.

Theory:

• journalctl
• /var/log
• top/htop/atop

Practice:

• Count the number of requests on Nginx over time.

7. Safety

You will learn how to configure security at the OS and network levels and understand the basic principles.

Theory:

• SElinux (AppArmor)
• iptables/firewalld/(ufw)
• PAM
• SSH and security, two-factor authentication

Practice:

• Complete tasks at the stand - set up security.

8. Working with systemd-nspawn

You will learn how to create systemd containers, why they are needed and how they work.

Theory:

• Creating containers
• Resource Limitation

Practice:

• Deploy 2 nspawn containers and run Nginx in them.

9. Debugging

You will learn to identify problems with software running on the server. Learn the principles of how backups work: what needs to be backed up and why backups are needed.

Theory:

• gdb
• strace
• network problems (tcpdump) / wireshark

Practice:

• Run the program with the problem on the bench. The student's task is to identify the problem.

10. Certification

The goal is to determine the level of skill growth and achieve Slurm certification.