How to buy an apartment in a new building: detailed instructions for those who have never done this

1. Make a list of requirements for the apartment

There are a lot of new buildings on the market: in order not to spend weeks looking at each offer, it is important to shorten the search circle at the start. To do this, answer a few questions:

1. What size apartment would be comfortable for you? And not only now, but also in 5, 10, 15 years. This is important if you plan to live in an apartment for a long time and are preparing for the arrival of children.
2. What should be in the apartment? Here you need to take into account not only the layout and rooms, but also the number of bathrooms and windows, the size of the balcony, the presence of a pantry and other details.
3. What floor do you want to live on? All floors have their pros and cons. For example, a beautiful view opens from the upper ones, but if the elevator breaks, it will be difficult to climb. On the lower ones, you don’t have to worry about the elevator, but noise from the entrance or from the street will penetrate into the apartment.
4. What material is the house made of?
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   In brick, heat and noise insulation is better, but they are more expensive. Panel are the most budgetary, but with very good audibility. Monolithic - strong and durable, and they also have smooth walls. But with heat and sound insulation, there can also be problems.
5. Do you like to wake up early in the morning? Then you need an apartment with windows to the east. If not, go west. It is better not to consider apartments facing north at all: in autumn and winter it will be especially dark and cold there.

The most important thing is the budget. See how much they are asking for your dream apartment on the market and whether you have enough money. If not, calculate how many years it will take to pay off the mortgage: this can be done in online calculators on bank websites. And also checkDecree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 30, 2022 No. 806 "On Amendments to Certain Acts of the Government of the Russian Federation"whether your apartment is included in the preferential mortgage program.

After financial calculations, housing requirements can be adjusted. If there is not enough money, look at the image of the ideal apartment and decide what points you can give up.

2. Decide on the area

This is also best done before looking for housing. It is important to take into account your own habits and rhythm of life. For example, if you work downtown and don't want to spend three hours driving to the office, offers in suburban areas are probably best not to consider. And if you like outdoor activities and work remotely, proximity to the city center will not be as important to you as proximity to parks and reservoirs.

The area should have a developed infrastructure: shops, places for recreation, hospitals, schools, kindergartens, sports centers. Also, pay attention to transport accessibility. It is convenient when there are buses, trams, minibuses and metro nearby. If all wishes are taken into account, you can start studying the market.

3. Check the developer

When the apartment options are selected, do not rush to immediately make an appointment with the seller. Wasting time talking and inspecting housing will be pointless if the developer is unreliable.

1. Explore the company's website. There should be its history (the older the company, the better) and important documentation. Including for your residential complex: building permit, project declaration, layout, cost per square meter.
2. open website Unified Information System for Housing Construction. Examine your LCD - technical information and statistics on the timing of work.
3. Punch the developer in the filing cabinet of arbitration cases. If he often sued buyers due to violation of deadlines or other problems, it is better not to make a deal.
4. Read customer reviews. Pay special attention to the cons that they list, and understand how significant they are.

4. Look around the apartment

The developer has been checked, the apartment has been selected. But it's too early to conclude an agreement. First you need to see housing. The order of inspection depends on the condition of the house.

• At the construction stage. Visit the facility, inspect the area and the surrounding area. So you make sure that the promises of the developer correspond to reality. There is a life hack for apartments in typical panel houses: find out the series of houses and look for others that are the same, but already put into operation. Chat with their tenants and find out how comfortable the purchased apartments are.
• The house is rented, and you can enter the apartment. Check the compliance with the footage, the quality of the installation of windows, the condition of the walls and floor. And also the work of the hood and sockets. In the first case, open the window and attach a sheet of paper to the vent - it should be drawn to the grate. In the second, use an indicator screwdriver or grab any cheap electrical appliance for inspection and try to turn it on. You don’t need to test a new outlet with a smartphone - if something goes wrong, the gadget will not be good.
• The apartment is already finished. Make sure the seams on the walls, ceiling and floor are neat. Overpaying for crooked linoleum or bubbling wallpaper is a dubious pleasure.

5. Sign an agreement

You are at the finish line! Now we need to deal with paperwork. There are three options here.

1. Sales and Purchase Agreement (SPD). Such neededCivil Code of the Russian Federation Chapter 30. Purchase and saleif the house is already built. The cost of the apartment in this case will be more expensive, but it will be possible to move in immediately and you won’t have to worry about violations of the deadlines. Before signing the contract, it is necessary to conclude an act of acceptance and transfer.
2. Equity Participation Agreement (DDU). IsFederal Law No. 214-FZ of December 30, 2004 (rev. dated March 14, 2022) “On participation in the shared construction of apartment buildings and other real estate objects and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”. Article 4 Agreement for participation in shared constructionif the house is still under construction: you are not buying the apartment itself, but the property right to it. It is critically important here that payment for housing be made through an escrow account - a bank account to which the developer will not have access until the object is handed over. If the company does not complete the work in the end, you can return the money. In the text of the contract, carefully study the terms of commissioning, the terms for handing over the keys and the conditions for compensation for the area (it will come in handy if the footage of the apartment turns out to be less or more in the end).
3. Contract of assignment of rights of claim (DUPT). Too isFederal Law No. 214-FZ of December 30, 2004 (rev. dated March 14, 2022) “On participation in the shared construction of apartment buildings and other real estate objects and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”. Article 11 Assignment of claims under a contract at the construction stage. In this case, the property right is not acquired directly from the company, but from a private person who has entered into a DDU with the developer. The cost of housing in this case is usually much lower, but the buyer needs to be careful. Make sure that the seller has no outstanding debts to the developer, and make sure that the assignment agreement is correctly registered with Rosreestr. After all signings, you will have the original DDU and DUPT in your hands, confirming the full transfer of rights. An important point is that the developer must be notified of the conclusion of the contract.

6. Get the keys

With ready-made houses, everything is simple: they checked the apartment, signed the contract - the keys are yours. With those under construction, it is more difficult, because first you need to wait for the completion of construction. When the house is ready for operation, the developer mustFederal Law No. 214-FZ of December 30, 2004 (rev. dated March 14, 2022) “On participation in the shared construction of apartment buildings and other real estate objects and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”. Article 8 Transfer of an object of shared construction notify you officially. By the way, if the seller violated the terms specified in the contract, you can demandFederal Law No. 214-FZ of December 30, 2004 (rev. dated March 14, 2022) “On participation in the shared construction of apartment buildings and other real estate objects and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”. Article 6 The term for the transfer by the developer of the object of shared construction to the participant in shared construction penalty from him.

After receiving the letter, you will have time to carefully inspect the housing and sign the acceptance certificate - according to the law, a week is given, but other terms may be indicated in the DDU. During a visit to the apartment, check the footage, the quality of the installation of windows, the absence of cracks in the walls and other important points. If a there will beFederal Law No. 214-FZ of December 30, 2004 (rev. dated March 14, 2022) “On participation in the shared construction of apartment buildings and other real estate objects and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”. Article 8 Transfer of an object of shared construction defects - inform the developer: he must either eliminate them, or reduce the price of the contract, or compensate for the costs of eliminating problems. If everything is in order, you can sign the acceptance certificate and receive the keys.

7. Register ownership

Final step! To become a full-fledged homeowner, you will need to tinker with papers a little more. You can register ownership at the offices of the MFC and the Cadastral Chamber, remotely on the Rosreestr website or by sending documents by courier or mail. In any case, you will have to:

1. Collect a package of documents. Application for ownership, passport, DKP or DDU (if you bought a home by assignment of right, then DDU and DUPT), act of acceptance and transfer, technical passport of the apartment, decision on commissioning and a number of others papers. The list may vary depending on the circumstances, for example, the method of buying an apartment (for cash or with a mortgage). For a complete list of papers you need, go to constructor of life situations on the Rosreestr website.
2. Pay the state duty. She is is equal toSizes of the state duty for state registration of ownership of real estate (apartments, land and other property) / ConsultantPlus 2,000 rubles, regardless of the number of owners. The payment receipt must be printed and attached to the package of documents.

It remains to wait for the completion of the registration process. When everything is ready, pick up the documents from the MFC office or the cadastral chamber. That's it, your apartment!