Scientists told how Mars was 3 billion years ago

By studying geological structures, scientists have discovered Circumpolar ocean stability on Mars 3 Gy ago on the surface of Mars, the places of the possible location of rivers, streams and lakes. They also found traces of a tsunami in the northern part of the planet. — this may mean that there was an ocean here.

Initially, this gave rise to two opposing theories: either Mars was cold and dry, or warm and wet. But now experts from Sweden, France and the United States have put forward another hypothesis: the planet was wet and cold. This is possible if there were enough hydrogen in the atmosphere.

The share of gas in the total composition may have reached 10%. Part of the hydrogen atmosphere of Mars could get due to collisions with asteroids and volcanic activity, the rest — from carbon dioxide.

This amount of hydrogen would be enough to create a weak greenhouse effect. Heat circulated in the atmosphere, precipitation fell, and the ocean did not freeze, although it was close to it.

To understand what Mars looked like 3 billion years ago and what its climate was like, experts conducted computer simulations. In the wake of the tsunami and lowlands in the northern part of the planet, they suggested that the ocean existed there, and most of the southern regions were covered with ice. And in this form, hardly anyone would call Mars the Red Planet.