What is the cost of living, and why you need it

What is the cost of living

This is the minimum amount that is sufficient to ensure normal human life.

On it, in particular, you can buy a set of products necessary for the functioning of the body and the preservation of human health and to provide themselves with non-food goods and services.

At least in the lawFederal Law "On the subsistence minimum in the Russian Federation" dated 24.10.1997 number 134-FZ affirms that way. As can be seen from the wording of this amount does not involve excess and is intended only for essential spending.

Now the cost of living isOrder of November 12, 2018 number 695N 10 451 rubles.

As it is considered a living wage

It is set every three months for Russia as a whole and for each subject. There are separate indicators for the working population, children and pensioners.

To determine the size of a living wage using prices of the previous quarter, and more - preceding the previous. According to lawDecree of December 30, 2017 № 1702Rosstat shall provide data for the previous quarter, not later than 15 days after its completion, but the final calculations are not so fast.

Now in Russia the cost of living is set on the basis of prices for the third quarter 2018Order of November 12, 2018 number 695N of the year. RegionallyThe subsistence minimumSome of them have already managed to update the data in terms of the fourth quarter.

When the national average subsistence level to 10 451 rubles for able-bodied population it is 11 310 rubles, for children - 10 302 rubles, for pensioners - 8615 rubles.

The cost of living for the citizens of the first category includes the cost of the consumer basket, as well as tax income. For children and pensioners the living wage equal to the cost of the consumer basket.

What is included in the consumer basket

food set

The authorities should review the composition of the consumer basket every five years, but the current set of products preserved from 2012 - 2017The Federal Law of 03.12.2012 number 227-FZ (ed. from 12.28.2017) "On the consumer basket in the whole of the Russian Federation" he was simply left unchanged. In it indicates the number of products, which is necessary for the person for the year. This kit is not designedRussian Federation Government Resolution dated January 28, 2013 Number '54 Moscow citizens engaged in hard labor.

To find out expenses in the food basket for the month, the annual volume of the products is divided by 12 (the number of months in a year) and calculate the cost based on the price data derived from statistics authorities. And it does not mean that these are the prices will be in the store, which goes a man who is forced to live on the minimum subsistence level.

The amount of food in the table is calculated for Russians in general. The proportions will vary depending upon the subject of the Russian Federation. How exactly - stated in the recommendationsRussian Federation Government Resolution dated January 28, 2013 Number '54 Moscow for the formation of the consumer basket in the regions.

According to the document, the country is divided into ten zones, depending on the factors influencing the eating habits: the local climate, vegetables growing in this area, and so on.

For example, running a resident of St. Petersburg should receive 2534 kcal per dayAnd a resident of Kamchatka - is 2908 kcal.

In St. Petersburg man diet provided 115.2 kg of vegetables a year, including 32.6 kg of cabbage, 5 kg of fresh and pickled cucumbers and tomatoes, 35 kg edible roots and 42.6 kg of other vegetables (which is not specified, but keep in mind that potatoes - a separate item in the grocery set).

In the Kamchatka region below the norm of vegetables due to the option "other vegetables" and is 112.6 kg per year. But there putting meat 11.3 kg more than in St. Petersburg.

Non-food products and services

According to lawFederal law "On the consumer basket in the whole of the Russian Federation" dated 03.12.2012 number 227-FZ, Minimum expenditure on non-food products (clothes, shoes, medicines) and services (mainly - public utilities) are defined on the basis of the food basket cost: stands for 50% of them from on food costs. And it turns out that the cost of the consumer basket is equal to double the price of a monthly set of products.

Until 2013, the decision actedResolution Labor RF № 36 Goskomstat № 34 from 28.04.2000 (eds. from 12.03.2001) "On approval of the methodology for calculating the subsistence minimum in the whole of the Russian Federation"Which regulated the minimum set of non-food items. Thus, the working men, in addition to the top clothing and linen, were laid suit, trousers and jeans, three shirts, jumper and tracksuit. Wearing these items toilet supposed to 4-5 years.

Now the exact list of things there is no law, but the old document, you can imagine what it must do a person living on the minimum allowable amount.

Why do we need a living wage

The subsistence minimum is the same "poverty line", for which in Russia is almost 20About cash income ratio of population to subsistence level and the number of poor in the whole of the Russian Federation in the III quarter of 2018 millions of citizens. This figure is used for the recognition of the family or lonely living citizen poor. Social support can qualify if the income per family member is lower than the subsistence minimum.

It also determines the minimum wage. Now the minimum wage for the year is set at subsistence level for the second quarter of the previous year. In 2019 it was 11 280Federal Law "On the Minimum Wage" of 19.06.2000 number 82-FZ rubles.

The subsistence minimum is used in the formation of the federal and local budgets, assessment of living standards. On its basis, as determined by the size of grants, scholarships and social payments.

And you could survive on the minimum established by the state?