All about online payments: what they are, how they work and who are suit
His Work Technologies / / December 19, 2019
Maxim Kozenko
Technical director of international payment service Fondy.
What is the online-payments?
Online payment - the ability to pay for goods or services on the Internet or through the mobile application without the use of notes. It is usually carried out directly on the site or a mobile application vendor.
As a rule, the algorithm of online payments is as follows:
- The buyer selects the product or service.
- Seller summarizes the purchase and an invoice.
- Buyer agrees to pay the bill, and it confirms the introduction of the bank or other payment details.
- Bank or a payment provider confirms the identity of the buyer and the availability of funds in the account for payment of the purchase.
- The seller confirms the purchase, and the bank or a payment provider transfers funds to the seller.
What types of receiving online payments are there?
Internet acquiring
It is the most popular method of online payment. Is a transfer of funds from customer's bank card to the account of the seller with the participation of banks and processing companies. Processing company provides an interface for
purchase online and the write-off procedure or a transfer of money. It may belong to the bank or to be an independent company.Information about the payment is confirmed with a security technology 3D-Secure, which allows you to authenticate the buyer, for example, by sending an SMS to the phone.
electronic purses
Require the presence of a purse from the seller and the buyer for the transfer of electronic money. For example, a "Yandex. Money », QIWI and WebMoney. Companies provide plugins sellers websites for the convenience of calculation.
WebMoney charge a commission from 1.8 to 5.75% for each payment, but for $ 5 it proposes to create a button or widget that can be placed on the site. Explore Commission for QIWI can only be signing a contract. When transferring to the service "Yandex. Money "is held with the sender fee of 0.5% of the payment amount, but not less than 1 penny. Data for payment is transmitted using SSL or TLS cryptographic protocols.
SMS payments
This write-off of money from your mobile phone account for purchases or services. For example, payment of the content in games. Suitable for business, where many payments with a small check.
This method is rarely used because of the high cost and small amounts of money on mobile users' accounts. SMS aggregator commission payment, depending on the category and the operator is from 14 to 27%.
Payment services through the Apple Ray, Android Pay or Samsung Pay
These mobile payment systems using tokenization of payment card data. Smartphone contains a token that is the access to the data buyer card with which the cancellation means. Confirm your purchase, you can use Touch ID, Face ID or password.
Online payment using Terminal
It assumes independent client interaction with the terminal. To this end, suitable payment terminals QIWI, "Messenger" or "Euroset". The seller is first necessary to conclude an agreement with the operator of the terminal, which is connected payment services business.
How to deal with Internet-acquiring?
We'll have to interact directly with the bank, after signing the contract and the passage of the integration process. As a rule, this method is not favorable to small and medium-sized businesses, as banks prefer to work with large companies.
Internet acquiring services are provided by Sberbank, VTB, "Gazprombank", "Alfa-Bank", "Russian Standard Bank", "PSB" and "Raiffeisenbank".
Payment gateways act as service providers for Internet acquiring. They connect buyers, sellers and banks and act as a kind of terminal to pay. payment data is transmitted via the SSL (Secure Socket Layer).
The advantage of payment gateways - the possibility of online stores accept card payments at the same time a few banks with a single simplified integration with the gateway.
This interaction enhances the conversion of payments and allows you to instantly switch from one bank to another in the event of failure or maintenance works in the processing of the bank. Another advantage - the opportunity to obtain more favorable financing conditions and quality of service: obtaining financial reports for accounting, analysts accepted payments, information about conversion and how to improve it, clock support.
For payment gateway are Fondy, ASSIST, PayOnline, ChronoPay, CyberPlat, Uniteller, UCS (United Card Services).
Payment aggregators are intermediaries between the different payment systems. They provide different methods seller receiving payments under the single contract. For the paying aggregators are Robokassa, PayU, «Yandex. Cashbox".
How much is the connection of Internet acquiring?
Direct agreement with the bank provides a commission for each transaction, which often depends on the turnover business. For example, Sberbank offers Commission 2% if the turnover of less than one million rubles per month. With turnover of 7 million rubles a month, you can expect a commission of 1.8% or less. For "RosEvroBank" commission is 3% for those stores that show turnover of less than 100 000 rubles per month, and 2% on a turnover of over 10 million rubles.
Payment gateways also charge fees for ongoing operations. If ASSIST have pay 2950 rubles for the connection and to pay extra fee for the operation. At ChronoPay connection is free, but there is commission at a rate of 0.5%. In Fondy commission is 3% of the turnover of less than one million rubles per month, 2.9% - up to 3 million per month and individual rate for turnover of more than 3 million.
Payment aggregators offer different commission depending on the turnover. For example, "Yandex. Cashier 'will take away from 3.5 to 6% of the turnover of less than one million rubles a month and from 2.8 to 5% of the turnover of more than a million.
Is it possible to set up SMS-payment?
Configure SMS-payment alone will not work. Operators are not engaged in work with small and medium-sized businesses, so it is necessary to turn to intermediaries. As a third party acts as an SMS aggregator that provides short code and the code word for the payment. Examples of such companies: SMSCoin, SMSZamok, «Russian billing», SMSOnline.
The buyer sends an SMS to a short number with a certain word. With the mobile phone balance of the purchase amount is deducted. For the provision of SMS-services aggregator charges Commission, which may be greater than 35%.
And what features work with Apple Ray, Samsung Pay or Android Pay?
To work with Apple Ray or Samsung Pay will need the SDK, representing a set of programs for developers, which integrates the payment on your site or app, or a payment aggregator / gateway that works with data technology. For example, Sberbank offers support for connecting payment through the online store or application.
For their services banks charge acquiring rate of up to 3% of the payment.
Ray to Apple, Samsung Pay, Android Pay may work "Tinkoff", Sberbank, ASSIST, PayOnline, «Yandex. Cash box », Uniteller.
How to deal with online payments using payment terminals?
In the Russian market there are three major players - QIWI, «Euroset" and "The Messenger". Information on tariffs in the public domain does not. These service providers are invited to send an offer, review of which they decide on cooperation with a particular company.
Only after the decision on cooperation worked out the scale of charges. Upon request, a response can take up to 3 days.
What if I want to connect online payments?
To connect Internet acquiring have to file a request to the banking organization. First, the application is made on the site of the selected bank. Then managers are bound to confirm the connection, and then was invited to the branch or via the electronic signature to conclude a contract.
Electronic contract is made through the "Electronic Document" on the bank's website using the eToken-signature or through an SMS confirmation. An electronic signature can be obtained from accredited Ministry of Communications of the Russian center. After it is received it is necessary to scan the completed contract and together with the electronic signature to send to the bank. Then begins the procedure of checking and business integration.
The procedure for connecting Internet acquiring could take several weeks, depending on the bank.
To work with payment gateways on the website of the selected provider of filled application. After its approval of the business owner receives a code that is embedded on the website to pay for the reception from customers. The user will see the form of payment with the prescribed value of the purchase. Similarly work and payment aggregators.
Payment service providers may offer additional functions. For example, to provide analytics on payments or large variety of modules for CMS-systems. Typically, these functions are free for entrepreneurs. The banks have the same software creates a third-party vendor to the needs and objectives of big business.
In the case of electronic purses enough to the seller and the buyer were the most wallets.
They can register on the site. For example, "Yandex. Money"and QIWI-purse do not require additional software. And here WebMoney It asks you to install a special program.
The seller can directly set the account, create a form of payment or initiate a P2P-payment by the buyer. But there are limitations in purses. For example, First level QIWI-wallet allows you to keep the account only 15 thousand rubles. In addition, for replenishment and removal is charged commission - until 3%.
What type of online payment suitable business?
Service Internet acquiring the bank is not suitable to all entrepreneursAs the bank considers each company individually and may refuse cooperation if it deems unfavorable.
Payment gateways have additional functionality as compared to banks. They work not only with bank accounts, but also with electronic wallets, which are used by clients. In addition, they provide a ready-made modules for popular CMS, which is using small and medium businesses for online stores and e-commerce sites: Joomla, WordPress, «1C-Bitrix".
Microbusiness better execute online payments through payment aggregators.
They are the easiest way to document built as aggregators integrate bank card payments, with the help of electronic currencies and SMS. All reports are generated in a single module, also provides for the popular CMS.
Payment services through the Apple Ray, Android Pay and Samsung Pay is used for online stores seller or mobile applications.
Neither the SMS aggregators or payment terminals are not favorable for the use of commissions or non-transparent policy service operators, when each application is considered individually for up to 3 days.
What are the risks and difficulties may arise when dealing with online payments?
The most common problem with the refusal of receiving payment for technical reasons. Still, online payments depend on the quality of the communication channel, and the stability of the servers. So, September 28th and October 9th there were failures in the "Tinkoff Bank" and unstable operation in August 2017 showed "FC Opening". Therefore, it is desirable to choose a payment gateway or aggregator that offers to conclude a SLA (Service Level Agreement) - an agreement that guarantees the level of performance payments service.
The entrepreneur can connect receiving online payments by all available means: bank cards, SMS, e-money. StudyInvestigation Mediascope: people prefer to pay through the app. Mediascope company notes that most people use credit cards - 82.8% of respondents pay them at least once a year. Electronic money are 66.3% of respondents, contactless payment systems - only 8.6%.
When choosing a payment acceptance methods should be based on their popularity among buyers. Additional payment methods can be connected as the requirements of the clients.