9 mistakes in punctuation, who commit most often

1. Extra comma before the word "like"

Separate the word "how" of the rest of the sentence - the desire on the level of reflex. However, do not always give in to him. TurnoverStaging point before the Union as a this union may be part of the predicate, and without saying lose complete sense. In such cases, the punctuation mark - once.

A comma should be placed, if the union is part of the normal comparative turnover: "Her dress rustled like autumn leaves, playing with the wind." But be careful here - there are a few cases in which it falls:

• Before the Union "how" is the word "very, very, almost, like, a hair's breadth, that is, simply," or the negation "not": "His features had a hair's breadth as a father."

• Comparison itself is a predicate, and the union "how" stands between him and the subject instead of the dash: "The sky is like an ocean."

• Under the comparative turnover masked circumstance of manner. To distinguish them from each other can be difficult, "she arched like a cat." "Like a cat" can be replaced by "a cat" or "cat".
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2. Wrong order marks "!" And "?"

At the end of sentences with emotional overtones wrongXXXIV. A combination of punctuation marks first put the exclamation point, and then - the question. The main purpose of such statements - still ask the question. The exclamation point only clarifies intonation.

3. Unnecessary comma before the conjunction "than"

Problems often arise with combinations such as "(not) more than", "(not) at least." If the proposal there is no comparison, should not be separated "than" from the rest of. In this case, the whole sentence is a single(NOT) OVER / more than the composition of Comparative turnover part of the sentence with the words that follow it.

To check, you can try to reconstruct the design: "This case will take no more than five minutes." In this embodiment, it is clear that there is no oppositions.

The comma before the Union is needed only if there is a comparison: "The question has more than a child."

4. Commas in compound subordinating conjunctions

Words that are often used at the beginning of the subordinate parts of the proposal ( "to", "what", "when" and others), cause a desire to always put in front of them a punctuation mark. But sometimes they are part of the compound subordinating conjunctionsPunctuation in designs with composite subordinativeSuch as "if," "because," "before," "although," and others. Most often, they do not need a comma between the words - separated structure in its entirety.

There are only a few cases where a punctuation mark still should be put before the second part of the Union.

• Before the Union is the negation 'not' 'He did not come back to stay, but only to pick up things. "

• Before Union have reinforcements, constraints and other particles, introductory words, adverbs: "He came back only to pick up things."

• The first part of the Union enters into a series of homogeneous parts of the sentence, or parallel structures "She laughed, and because it was really funny, and just not to cry."

• There is a logical emphasis on the first part of the Union: "I chose this book because it is read when he was a child."

5. The comma after the union "but"

Union "however"Guide to punctuation It can be replaced in a bid for a "but", and in this case, the separation is not required.

Sign of punctuation is needed if it is an introductory word or an interjection: "But, however, we are talking now not about it", "Well, you and the requests, though!"

6. The comma before the "and so on and so forth"

The desire to put the punctuation mark appears as if by inertia, because these wordsRosenthal Dietmar Elyashevich. Reference book on the Russian language. Punctuation very similar to the homogeneous terms of the recurrent Union. But in fact they are not, and do not need a comma.

Of course, this also applies to conjunctionless options: "We bought apples, oranges, bananas, etc..."

But the words "and others" - this is just a homogeneous part of the sentence. If there is a recurring alliance comma: "We arrived and Sasha and Masha and Pasha, and others."

7. Skipping a comma before the subordinate units

The main and accessoryXXVIII. Punctuation slozhnopodchinonnom sentence part sometimes give the impression of a unified whole, when pronouncing sentences aloud. In the end, put the punctuation somehow do not want to. But regardless of the tone, comma still needed.

There are, however, exceptionsXXVIII. Punctuation slozhnopodchinonnom sentence. Punctuation mark should be deleted if:

• When the words separated by the proposal loses complete sense. These phrases should be taken just as oneXXIX. Punctuation at speeds that are not subordinate clauses : "Do whatever you want!"

• There is a particle of negation "not", "I do not say this to offend, but to help."

• Before subordinating conjunctions there is also a coordinative ( "and," "or" "or" "no" and others): "He did not remember what he said or to whom."

• Paranasal part consists only of the union of the words: "I will be back, but I do not know when."

8. The comma between subject and predicate

Explain the punctuation mark between the main members of a simpleXLI. Simple sentences offers possible unless carelessness or haste. After all, even if it is widespread, it is not clear why separate the subject and predicate of each other.

9. Invalid registration lists and lists

, You need to remember a few rules to always put the correct punctuationTechnical design of the text:

• Before the list point or colon can be.
• If he continues to explain or directly offer or have a generalized word, put a colon.
• If a colon in front of the list, its elements can begin as capitalized and lower case.
• If the elements begin with a capital letter at the end of each of them should stand point.
• If the first letter - lower case, at the end of a comma (when the elements are very simple and short) or a semicolon (when they are more complicated).
• At the end of the last element in any case is worth a point.

examples:

You can walk:

• in the woods,
• park
• garden.

You can walk:

• in the woods, where there are mushrooms;
• park with a beautiful pond;
• garden full of flowers.

You can:

• Stroll through the autumn forest filled with pine needles aromas of earth and rain.
• Go through the vast beautiful park, where there is a pond with swans.
• Visit the garden and enjoy the bright colors, able to cheer up anyone.

You can walk in the park, the garden or the forest.

• Do not forget to inform, which decided to go.
• Wear hats, when you go into the woods.
• Order a guide, if you are interested to know more about the places to visit.