What can you learn about yourself from the DNA test

1. Whether there is your fault that you can not lose weight

Your weight is 40-60% dependentGene-diet interaction and weight loss from genetics. Genes influence your appetite and determineGenetics of dietary habits and obesity - a twin study. food preferences.

Even the way you perceive the taste of food is determined by your genes. For example, some people do not feelGenetics of individual differences in bitter taste perception: lessons from the PTC gene. the taste of a substance called phenylthiocarbamide (FTC), the other, it seems bitter. Recent hate broccoli and Brussels sprouts, can not drink coffee without milk and sugar.

For your sweet tooth responsible genes coding for taste receptorsMammalian sweet taste receptors. T1R3 and T1R2. From the variety of these genes depends on how much sugar is in your cup of tea, and how many cakes you can eat at one time. In his love of fatty foods can also be to blame genetics, but rather the gene CD36Mechanism of fat taste perception: Association with diet and obesityEncoding taste receptors and responsible for the perception of fat taste.

genetics influencesGene-diet interactions in obesity. and on how to build up and break down fat. It confirmsGenetic effects in human energy expenditure components. an experiment in which researchers found that a diet with a surplus of calories in different ways affects people. Under identical conditions, some people are scored 4 kg - only 40% of calories as fat deposited in the other 13 kg scored and absorbed in the form of 100% fat calories.

This does not mean that you should definitely around blame their genes. Excess weight can cause external factors: constant stress or habit of overeating, assimilated from childhood.

To be certain, if you have a predisposition to excess weight, it is possible to pass a DNA test MyGenetics. It suffices to carry out once in a lifetime to learn about the genetic makeup of the organism. Analysis of the genes responsible for feeding behavior, will find out what the real problem of excess weight.

Even if you know that the extra pounds really blame genetics, get rid of them will not work without a diet. Perfect for a diet too can pick up DNA.

2. How to eat to always be in shape

General advice on healthy eating roughly the same: more vegetables and protein, less sugar and saturated fats. Such a diet will not harm health, but that's how it will be effective depends on genetic predisposition.

People with altered "obesity gene» FTO need high proteinFTO genotype and 2-year change in body composition and fat distribution in response to weight-loss diets: the POUNDS LOST Trial. diet. These people have an increased appetite persists even after eating and dietary protein, unlike fats and carbohydrates, providesProtein, weight management, and satiety a feeling of fullness and keeps it for a long time.

Individuals with genotype CC-gene shown TCF7L2Dietary fiber intake modulates the association between variants in TCF7L2 and weight loss during a lifestyle intervention. a diet high in fiber and a reduced amount of carbohydratesTCF7L2, dietary carbohydrate, and risk of type 2 diabetes in US women.. Because this gene is associated with the level of glucose in the blood, fiber intake and reducing the amount of carbohydrates will not only support the weight, but also to reduceMetabolic effects of dietary fiber consumption and prevention of diabetes. the risk of diabetes of the second type.

Some people can eat fatty foods and not gain weight, others were not so lucky: all the extra grams of fat immediately find themselves in the fat reserves. To learn how to affect you fatty foods, it is necessary to analyze the gene PPARGInteraction between a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene polymorphism and dietary fat intake in relation to body mass.. It encodes a gamma receptor in adipose tissue, which is responsible for the oxidation of fatty acids and cell division - predecessors of adipose tissue. People with the gene allele 12Ala PPARG receptor gamma activity is reduced as a result of dietary fat has little effect on the number of fat cells.

In addition, some people are contraindicated milk, butter, animal fat, and other sources of saturated fatty acids. People with A-genotype FABP2Ala54Thr polymorphism of the fatty acid binding protein 2 gene and saturated fat intake in relation to lipid levels and insulin resistance: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. the consumption of more than 53.2 grams of saturated fat per day increases the "bad" cholesterol, they are quickly absorbed by the saturated fatty acids, which promotes the accumulation of fat.

In addition, some people do not drink milk, and not only because of the danger to get better. About 75% of the total population in one degree or another hasLactose intolerance: diagnosis, genetic, and clinical factors lactose intolerance - a disaccharide of milk products.

MyGenetics DNA test will help determine what diet you need: how much protein, fat, carbohydrates and fiber the body needs to lose weight and maintain weight, and what foods should be completely deleted. Test results are shown as a clear recommendation: to add, remove it and create a menu for the week.

3. The more you run the risk of ill

Among the inherited diseases are dangerous diseases such as:

• Type II diabetes. This disease can causeGenetic Screening for the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes mutations in the genes responsible for producing insulin and the body's sensitivity to this hormone.
• Cardiovascular disease (CVD). genes influenceGenetics of Human Cardiovascular Disease the number of "bad" cholesterol - one of the main causes of cardiovascular disease. In addition, genetic mutations can cause a variety of disorders such as aneurysms of the thoracic aorta.
• Celiac disease. This disease, wherein the gluten and close thereto proteins damage the gut villi and cause digestive problems. It is well known 45 lociThe genetics of celiac disease: A comprehensive review of clinical implications.Increasing the risk of this disease. DNA test helps to identify gluten intolerance, just go on a diet without wheat, semolina, rye and other foods high in gluten and avoid problems with digestion.
• Alzheimer's disease. The risk factors for this disease is a genetic predispositionThe Genetics of Alzheimer Disease It comes immediately after the elderly and is present in 80% of cases.

Most often, genetics only increases the risk of disease, and cause it to environmental factors: unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, bad habits and bad ecology. Upon learning of his predisposition, you can just change your lifestyle.

4. Should you drink vitamins

vitamin deficiency does not always occur due to malnutrition, sometimes an increased need for vitamin determined by genetics. Here are some essential vitamins, a deficiency of which can be laid in the genes:

• Vitamin D. Changes in the genes responsible for metabolism and transport of vitamin D in the body, may causeGenes May Play a Role in Vitamin D Deficiency its deficit. In the future, this problem increases the risk of Type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and some cancers.
• Vitamin B9. People with the violation of the MTHFR gene is inhibited by folic acid recovery. This leads to an increase in the level of toxic compounds - homocysteine, the development of cardiovascular diseases, depressionThe thermolabile variant of MTHFR is associated with depression in the British Women's Heart and Health Study and a meta-analysis. and complications during pregnancyAssociation of parental hyperhomocysteinemia and C677T Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism with recurrent pregnancy loss..
• Vitamin A. LevelGenetic Variations Associated with Vitamin A Status and Vitamin A Bioavailability β-carotene and retinol - Vitamin A species - depend on the genetic characteristics. Changes in genes interfereGenetic link to vitamin A deficiency body convert beta-carotene from food into vitamin A. This reduces the immune system and inhibits the body's antioxidant defenses.

DNA test can help find out what vitamins you are missing, whether you want to take supplements or enough to diversify the diet of wholesome food.

5. How do you react to coffee

Genetics influences the rate of caffeine metabolism, is responsible for this CYP1A2 geneCYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee intake and the risk of hypertension.. For most healthy people, coffee is metabolized within 40 minutes on average, but the slow version of the gene leads to the fact that the metabolic rate is reduced.

This increases the workload on the heart and increases blood pressure. Therefore, someone can drink 3-4 cups of coffee a day and feel fine, but someone much worse state of health after serving. Also, this option affects the amount of coffee consumed in a day.

In addition, genetics influencesGenetics of caffeine consumption and responses to caffeine and the effect of caffeine: Some people experience sleep problems from drinking coffee, while others have no such problem. DNA test helps to know what negative effects can cause caffeine and how much coffee you can drink without harm to health and sleep.

6. Can you blame genetics in their dependencies

The lucky ones who have tried smoking and have not earned dependence is likely to have made it through the genes.

genetics determinesThe genetics of smoking and nicotine addiction. the number of receptors to which nicotine would interact, and how quickly it will be processed. These factors increase the risk of dependence and influenceAssociation between genetic variants on chromosome 15q25 locus and objective measures of tobacco exposure. on how many cigarettes a person smoked per day will be.

Same thing with alcohol: Many people drink it, but only some develop a strong relationship. Propensity to alcoholism determinedGenetics and alcoholism genetics to 45-65%, the remaining percentage - the environment.

7. How much can you drink to avoid becoming an alcoholic

DNA test helps find out whether you have a predisposition to some dependence: alcoholism, smoking, overeating. How well you carry alcohol depends on the characteristics of its processing. These features are encoded in the gene and are inherited.

Some people tolerate alcohol poorly: their sickened with a pair of glasses, and in the morning pursues a terrible hangover. For this I must say thank you to two groups of enzymes aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH).

If the increased enzyme activityThe Genetics of Alcohol Metabolism: Role of Alcohol Dehydrogenase and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Variants ADH, ethanol quickly recycled in the liver to acetaldehyde - toxic compounds causing organism poisoning. Also poisoning can cause an inactive enzyme ALDH. Without it, acetaldehyde has been converted into a safe acetic acid, accumulate in the body and cause poisoning. A person with such features have no chance of becoming an alcoholic.

But toleranceAlcohol Tolerance Associated With Family History Alcohol, on the contrary, increases the risk of dependence to acquire. If a family history of alcoholism, the human body quickly adapts to the effects of alcohol, so you need to drink more to pleasing effect.

With the help of a DNA test, you can find out how the metabolism of alcohol in your body, how fast it is displayed and in what doses it can be drunk without the risk of addiction.

8. In what sport you will succeed

It would be desirable to believe that a person can achieve success in any sport, it is not. Each sport has its own set of physical qualities, without which it is difficult to reach greater heights.

Investigating body elite athlete, scientists have foundGenetics of Athletic Performance more than 200 genes that affect blood flow to the muscles, their structure, oxygen transport, and lactate turnover energy production. All this affects the success in the sport.

Here are some of the indicators and their dependence on genetics:

• Power. This indicator is important for sports such as sprint, weightlifting, jumping and other discipline, which use explosive power - the ability to exert maximum force for the minimum time. If sport is important for power, a person must be sufficiently fast muscle fibers of the second type. Their number determines the gene ACTN3Genetic influence on athletic performanceEncoding the protein alpha-actinin-3. Also in powerful movements important genes encoding angiotensin converting enzymeGenetics of Athletic Performance (ACE). People with a D allele develop more power and faster increase strength in response to training.
• Aerobic endurance. It is the ability to do the job for a long time with low power. This indicator is important for running on the middle and long distance triathlon, cross-country skiing, rowing, cycling, hiking. scientists have discoveredAdrenergic-beta (2) receptor polymorphism and athletic performance.That gene ADRB2 It affects the development of aerobic endurance. People with a certain polymorphism of this gene have a higher aerobic capacity and quickly train the aerobic endurance.
• Muscle mass. This indicator is important for strength sports and bodybuilding. muscle size depends on the number of fast-twitch muscle fibers: the more, the greater the visual muscle quickly and get them pumped. In the fast muscle fibers already mentioned affects gene ACTN3, as well as the presence of rare MSTN mutations in the gene encoding myostatin peptide. muscle mass will grow faster without this gene.

If you do not have a genetic predisposition for some sport, it does not mean that you should contraindicated. You can do anything, but be prepared for low results.

MyGenetics DNA test will help determine to what sport predisposed you or your child. Even if you do not plan to participate in the competition, is always more pleasant to do what is impossible.

9. What to do to build muscle

To keep in shape, you need exercise and proper diet, but how and how much will have to deal with in order to achieve results depends on your genetics.

For instanceVariability in muscle size and strength gain after unilateral resistance training., Some people for 12 weeks of progressive muscle load may increase by 59%, while others - only 2%. Imagine: three months of hard training in the gym and 2%, of which you will not even notice!

Your ability to build muscle depends on many factors, such as:

• numberPotent myofiber hypertrophy during resistance training in humans is associated with satellite cell-mediated myonuclear addition: a cluster analysis. Stem cells in the myofibrils. These cells are dormant until you need to restore the muscles after exercise. Then, they merge with the muscle cells and donate their nuclei to recovery and growth.
• ExpressionCluster analysis tests the importance of myogenic gene expression during myofiber hypertrophy in humans. myogenin - gene responsible for muscle growth - as well as gene IGF-IEa, responsible for the synthesis of the mechanical growth factor (MGF). In response to muscle damage MGF awakens dormant myoblasts - young muscle cells - and accelerates muscle growth.
• Reaction to muscle injury. gene variant VNTR IL-1RN effectVariable number of tandem repeat polymorphisms of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene IL-1RN: a novel association with the athlete status cytokine, enhances the inflammatory process and accelerates recovery after exercise.

Even if you were among the people who can not even build muscle, do not despair. Just tune in to what you have to train harder and longer than others.

10. How to avoid injury during training

Genetics can predict not only the successes in the sport, but also the possible injury. scientists have discoveredApplying Personal Genetic Data to Injury Risk Assessment in Athletes 124 DNA sequences responsible for common sports injuries: rupture of the anterior cruciate ligaments, Achilles tendon injury, osteoarthritis, vitamin deficiency and low bone mineralization, threatening fractures.

Having learned their weaknesses, you will be able to choose the sports with the least risk and in parallel to take measures to prevent injury. For example, at low bone mineralization take supplements to strengthen them, with Achilles tendon injuries stretch and strengthen the muscles of the ankle, the weakness of the front krestoobrazoy ligament swing muscles around the knee joint.

DNA test MyGenetics shows a complete picture of your capabilities and limitations. You do it once and all the rest of your life using the results: eat right, to succeed in sport or fitness, to maintain a healthy and avoid injuries.

You do not need to come to the lab and give blood: visiting a specialist takes a saliva sample using a swab on the inside of the cheek. After the test you will get a description of the characteristics of your body, tips and advice on nutrition, sport and health maintenance.

You do not need to come to the lab: the courier will bring kit for DNA testing at home or in the office. For the collection of DNA you have to spend a special cotton swab on the inside of the cheek, and then the courier will send the sample to a laboratory for examination.

After the test, you get a personalized report describing the characteristics of your body, tips and advice on nutrition, sport and health maintenance.

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