How not to poison the holidays and what to do if it is still happened
Health / / December 19, 2019
What causes the poisoning
To understand how to defeat the enemy, you need to know it in person. But we know little about the poisoning is usually: only that its cause spoiled food. Poisoned - then I ate something stale.
In general, it is. That's only cause poisoningFoodborne Illnesses and Germs not the products with expired shelf life and bacteria, viruses and parasites that they contain. By the way, harmful bacteria may be in the fresh products.
But how pests get into the food.
- Bacteria. These perpetrators of poisoning you've probably heard - E. coli, salmonella and listeria. Although the species of pathogenic bacteria is much greater. Listeria spreadsDiagnosis and Management of Foodborne Illnesses through the contaminated soil and water. Salmonella - through dirty kitchen utensils, often knife. If an infected cut meat with a knife, and then use the knife to cut bread, can be brought to the bacteria. PLANT Listeria and Salmonella in meat, unpasteurized milk and dairy products, egg yolks. E. coli lives in undercooked beef and falls there with animal feces from his intestines. This happens during the cutting and processing of carcasses.
- Viruses. Most often transferred with food here these virusesViruses of foodborne origin: a review: Adenovirus, astroviruses, rotavirus, Sapoviruses, hepatitis viruses A and E and norovirus. They may be products contaminated with feces: clams and oysters caught in the muddy waters on unwashed fruits and vegetables, semi-finished products.
- Parasites. Cause poisoning may simply round and tapeworms. parasites enterHow long do food poisoning symptoms last? the body through meat and fish, unwashed vegetables and fruits, as well as any foods contaminated with animal feces that had worms.
Infection of the product mayFood poisoning at any stage of production: at growing, harvesting, processing, storing, shipping and cooking. The reason for this cross-contamination: germs get on foods surfaces, Which dealt with an infected food.
How to avoid poisoning
Practice good hygiene
When collecting food for a picnic or barbecue cooking, do not forget about the cleanliness.
- Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before you begin cooking. After processing of meat, fish and vegetables also need to wash their hands, and only then taken for other products.
- Wash with antibacterial agents and dry the countertop, cutting boards, knives and everything that comes into contact with food.
- Take a picnic paper towels or disposable towels. Dirty and wet rag towels - an ideal environment for bacteria.
- Bring a bit of clean water, wet wipes and hand sanitizer. Nature, too, need to wash their hands before eating.
- Keep away from other raw meat products for kebab. Bread, fruit, salads and snacks do not have to lie next to the meat, so they did not get the meat juice. If there are bacteria in the meat, with careful handling, most of them will die. But if bacteria get into the food, which is not subject to heat treatment, you poisoned.
- Do not store food in open containers and cans. Canned food after opening the need to shift into a plastic container and close the lid tightly.
Choose the right foods
Pathogens are mostly in meat, fish and animal products. Therefore, pay special attention to them.
And do not forget that raw foods should be cooked thoroughly. This is the only sure way to destroy the bacteria. During frying, use a thermometer to monitor the availability. Beef must be brought to a temperature at least 71 ° C, a bird - to 73.8 ° C, the fish - up to 62,7 ° C.
- Meat. It must necessarily be freshWithout odor. If the meat has been frozen, defrost it only once, re-freezing should be avoided.
- Fish and shellfish. When choosing fish, first look at the eyes and gills. The eye fresh fish clean and shiny, and pink gills. Avoid delicacies with raw fish and shellfish, they can cause poisoning.
- Milk products. Cheese is better to take a picnic durum from pasteurized milk. pasteurization killsHow to Prevent Food Poisoning all harmful microorganisms. A soft cheese spoil quickly. The shelf life of certain soft cheeses in packing - 7 days after opening a fresh product is stored only 3-5 days. But it is in storage in the refrigerator, in the heat of the products disappear much faster.
- Eggs. Check Egg shelf life twice: first - before the purchase, the second - before cooking. The refrigerator raw chicken eggs safely storedA Detailed Summary About the Shelf Life of Eggs three weeks, and hard-boiled - 6-7 days. Shelled eggs are kept warm for no longer than two hours - please note that if ASSUME THE picnic dishes with boiled egg.
- Vegetables and fruits. Thoroughly rinse in hot water, cut peel and leaves just before eating. Hard fruits (citrus, pineapples, root) should be washed with soap and a brush. Vegetables may be further soaked in water and vinegar. During a picnic in nature do not eat unfamiliar berries.
- Water. Bring bottled water. From streams, lakes, rivers, and even more can not drink.
- Ready-made meals. Salads picnic is better to do without refueling. And it is not necessary to cut the ingredients in advance: if the salad stand for several hours in the heat, then quickly disappear. Avoid pastries and cakes with cream: cream made from eggs and milk or oil, so the port quickly.
Do not eat foods that have expired. Even if they look good and smell normal, they already can develop dangerous bacteria.
What if you were poisoned
I feel a slight discomfort on a picnic, go home and then to the hospital. If you abruptly fell ill, fever, began vomiting and stomach pain, immediately call an ambulance.
Even if the holiday is in full swing and you do not want to leave, do not ignore symptoms poisoning. You never know what you are poisoned, and how dangerous it is.
To find the cure, the doctor needs to know which product caused the poisoning. Tell us what you ate and drank during a picnic. If you have a suspicion that some products could be damaged, too, tell me about it.
poisoning stories are not always sufficient for an accurate diagnosis. Therefore, your doctor may order blood tests and stool.
As treatment commonly prescribed gastric lavage technique and sorbents to bring the toxic substances from the body. In severe poisoning may be dischargedFood poisoning antibiotics.
Without a doctor's appointment at a poisoning, you can drink products containing sorbents. They were released in the pharmacy without a prescription.
If you feel nausea, vomiting, but it does not reach, drink preparations for restoration of microflora: perhaps you are not poisoning and problems with digestion food. These drugs improve the digestive process and help from flatulence and nausea.
To symptoms of poisoning have been faster, you need to follow a special regime. Mayo Clinic experts writeFood poisoningThat slight food poisoning could take place within 48 hours, if you follow these simple rules:
- Let the stomach rest. Do not eat or drink for several hours.
- After that start drinking a little clean water or broth. The body should be enough liquid to avoid dehydration began.
- Eat lean an easy meal: dry crackers, crackers without additives, pudding, oatmeal on the water. If the nausea returns, stop eating.
- Eliminate time on fatty and salty foods, milk, coffee, alcohol and cigarettes.
If you follow these simple tips, a festive barbecue will not hurt you!
see also🙂
- What to do if alcohol poisoning
- How to choose fish and seafood
- Is it true that some products can not be combined