Pregnancy after 35: Risks and Opportunities
Health / / December 19, 2019
Today, the term "starorodjashchaja" is already forgotten, but still there is a perception that, after 35 years, the woman and the unborn child are waiting for health problems. Layfhaker versed than threaten the later generations, and answers to common questions.
How are my chances of getting pregnant with age
Age - is the main factor that affects fertility, ie the ability to conceive, carry and give birth to a child. Supply of eggs in the female body is limited, and eventually their quantity and quality gradually decreases.
Furthermore, over the years accumulate various diseases: and gynecological (such as fibroids, endometriosis, infection, adhesions) and common (hypertension, diabetes). Which also reduces the chances to conceive and bear a child.
On average, fertility begins to decline at age 32Delayed child-bearingAnd after 37 years, this process significantly accelerates. So, in 25 years throughout the year to conceive a child can be 87.5% of women. In 30 years - 83.9%, in the 35 - 73.3%, and in 40 years - is only 49.4%.
It is worth noting that the issue of child-bearing age of the role played by both partners. Men's fertility also declinesFertility and the Aging Male in due course, but it happens after 40 years and is much slower. This stems from the same physiology and lifestyle reduces the number and quality of sperm, sperm activity, there are more "defective" cells.
It should assess the age of the couple, and not a single woman.
The probability of a genetic disease, and neurological disorders in the unborn child, such as epilepsy and autism, too, is growingHow does paternal age affect a baby's health? with his father's age.
What are the risks of late pregnancy
Over the years, not only exhausted ovulatory reserve, but also the resources of the whole organism. There are chronic diseases, excess weight, Hormonal changes, the body is slowly recovering from a disease.
And all this can affect the course of pregnancy, that is, the health of both the mother and unborn baby. Consider what problems might face mature mother
- Gestational diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, it develops most often in older age. So, if up to 25 years, the risk of disease is 2.59%, the 35-40 is already 4.38%Maternal Age and Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes MellitusAnd after 40 years - 15.9%. If diabetes is ignored, it can cause excessive growth of the fetus, premature birth and other complications in the child.
- High blood pressure. It appears most often in women over 35 years. US researchers have discovered a delayed negative effect of late delivery on the cardiovascular system. Women who gave birth after age 40, the risk stroke in the future, it was above 60%Pregnancy in Advanced Age Increases the Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke in Post-menopausal Women. Analysis of Women's Health Initiative Study.
- Cesarean delivery and complications during childbirth. Such as placental abruption or malposition. scientists suspectEffect of reproductive ageing on pregnant mouse uterus and cervixThat with age, the uterine muscles contract less due to cellular changes and lower sensitivity to oxytocin and progesterone.
- Spontaneous abortions and fetal death in utero. These risks are increased by almost half after 40 yearsAdvanced maternal age and adverse perinatal outcomeBut in healthy women at any age, this figure is still below.
- Premature birth. The probability of giving birth in the early stages significantly higher after 35 years. Doctors often blame the age is, however, a recent studyAdvanced maternal age and the risk of low birth weight and preterm delivery: a within-family analysis using Finnish population registers He denies this relationship and explain premature births combination of factors and comorbidities.
- Chromosomal abnormalities in the child. The genetic material of both "older" parents, so the older pair, the higher the risk of having a baby with Down's syndrome and other violations. If 25 years is 1 case from 1587Selected Birth Defects Data from Population-Based Birth Defects Surveillance Programs in the United States, 2006 to 2010: Featuring Trisomy Conditions, The 35 - 1 in 390, and after 40 years on 1 of 122.
- Multiple pregnancy. Due to hormonal changes chances of having twins increases with age. This, of course, there is nothing wrong, except for the additional load on the female body and the risk of preterm birthPerinatal outcome of twin pregnancies in women of advanced age, Which has already been mentioned above.
It is worth noting that the level of medicine in the past decade has grown significantly, so that today is easier to prevent and promptly identify virtually any disease. And mature mothers more conscious suitable for pregnancy and do everything to keep it.
What else affects fertility
Not only set the biological clock is the perfect time for the birth of a child at any age.
External factors and, above all, a way of life also affect the quantity and quality of sperm and eggs.
That's what they sayFemale fertility: Why lifestyle choices count Mayo Clinic: alcohol, tobacco, stress, obesity, infectious and chronic diseases, and even extra cup of coffee reduces the likelihood of conception. So eliminating these factors, we increase the chances become parents.
Are there any advantages in late pregnancy
The main advantage of delayed children that they desire, and are born in families where the parents are willing to take on this role. These children learn better and develop socially.
So, researchers sayAdvantageous developmental outcomes of advancing paternal ageThat fathers older age category children receive a relatively high IQ. They are easy to focus on their own interests and less trying to fit into the social standards.
"Aging" sperm contain chromosomes with longer telomeres, which protect the DNA and are responsible for longevity. And this effect is maintained for two generations ahead.
Are there any advantages for the parents? Absolutely. Mother not only safer during pregnancy, but in the future lessAssociations between older maternal age, use of sanctions, and children's socio-emotional development through 7, 11, and 15 years raise their voices to children or punish them. Such women longer retain verbal memoryEffect of Reproductive History and Exogenous Hormone Use on Cognitive Function in Mid- and Late Life. Scientists have even judged on the level of happiness of the birth of children, who, in their assessmentHappiness: before and after the kidsHigher in mature age.
What if the bear is still not yet ready
Unwillingness to children in their youth - one more reason to be attentive to yourself and stay healthy longer. And nothing particularly difficult do not have to do.
- Take care of yourself. Fully eat, relax, spend outdoors more time, move, refuse as possible from smoking and alcohol.
- Watch out for health. Do not neglect routine medical examinations, vaccinations, timely treat teeth, watch your blood sugar and pressure, control chronic diseases, if they already have. Ask your doctor how these diseases can affect fertility and future pregnancies.
- Find a good doctor. Specialist that you have to trust 100% and not be afraid to discuss all of the risks and opportunities up to the cryopreservation of oocytes and sperm and IVF.
Modern medicine makes it possible to delay childbearing until you're ready for this morally and financially. And it can prevent complications, which a few decades ago frightened "starorodyaschimi" women. So it makes sense not to hurry and more careful to treat yourself. Health is more important than age.
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