Look at your nails. 12 These deviations can tell a lot about your health

What is the norm

Nails healthy person smooth, shiny, pale pink, with a distinct whitish at the base of the hole. In this case, the nail plate is constantly updated, to grow week by about one millimeter.

With age, the nail plate thickens and becomes more brittle. It is a natural part of the aging process. Fragility is also characterized by nails pregnant women. But within six months after birth usually everything comes back to normal.

Permissible if the nails are broken due to a lack of vitamins or turn yellow due to poor-quality varnish. Sometimes the nail plate can even turn black and fall off, if the finger is pinched or slapped.

In a healthy human fingernails are fully recovered within 4-6 months, on his feet - for 6-8 months.

But there is a persistent disease, which we often do not even pay attention. And for good reason. Some changes in the shape, color and texture of the nails and the skin around them, can testify to the violations in the work of the internal organs and the presence of many different, sometimes serious illness.

What are the deviations

1. excessive fragility

If the nail is broken, just looking out over the edge of the finger, possibly, the body is deficient vitamins A, E and C, as well as iron and zinc. Sometimes fragility may result from thyroid disease and a precursor to diabetes.

2. White spots

The people they are considered a good omen, as in medicine, this pathology is called Leukonychia. Between the layers of the nail plate form microscopic air bubbles, which on the surface appear as white dots and stripes.

Leukonychia point is (a couple of spots on several nails) and total (when the entire plate is struck). The reasons are varied: from injury and an unbalanced diet to exhaustion of the nervous system and heart failure.

3. point deepening

In shape and color nails look as usual. But if you look closely, the nail plate is riddled with tiny indentations (like istykana needle). We even have a medical term - naporstkovidnaya istykannost.

It is almost always a sign of psoriasis. Sometimes it can manifest itself eczema or arthritis.

4. Large or small lunula

Lunula or wells - a bright crescent at the base of the nail. They should take about a third of it, and be clearly visible.

Too big wells are athletes and people engaged in heavy physical labor. Sometimes they can indicate malfunctions hearts vessels and lower blood pressure.

Small, barely protruding from under the cuticle lunula may be a sign of lack of vitamin B12 and iron, as well as problems with blood circulation.

5. The transverse grooves

This so-called line of Bo. Pathology of the nail plate in the form of transverse lines to a depth of one millimeter for the first time identified a French military surgeon Joseph Honore Simon Bo.

Bo lines are formed due to matrix damage of the nail plate. When she did not have enough food, the chemical composition of the nail plate changes and deforms. Most often this occurs because of the harsh diets bordering on starvation.

Also, these lesions can be mechanically (when the nail hole punched in the area), or a toxic nature (because of potent drugs or chemotherapy). Sometimes the lines Bo may appear on the background of cardiovascular disease, fungal or other infections.

6. longitudinal grooves

If such a change for the elderly relief nails can be considered the norm, something for people 50 years of performing vertical stripes say is likely, the shortage of B vitamins and trace elements (zinc, iron, magnesium).

It may also be a consequence of bad manicure or pedicure pushed too hard and damaged cuticle of the nail root. But in these cases stands only a few vertical bars.

If they hit more than 25% of nails, you should check the health of the internal organs. First of all, cardiovascular and digestive systems.

If the pathology is not infectious nature, you know its cause and have already begun treatment, it is possible to make a damaged nails aesthetic appearance. In any good salon offers spa treatments for nails. For example, for power supply and humidification can do Japanese manicure (P-Shine) or paraffin. For smoothness - grinding and polishing of the nail plate.

Olga Aleynikov, a nurse, manicure and pedicure

7. tends to spoon nails

It koilonychia, ie deformation of the nail plate, in which her center bends and edges are turned up. Discomfort, it does not deliver, color and smoothness are retained, but it looks ugly.

The easiest way to identify koilonychia - drip water on the nail. Drop rolled freely? Everything is good. Drop stuck in the groove? There is reason to think.

Most often concave nails are the result of a lack of iron in the body and endocrine disorders. For the purchased koilonychia reasons also include trauma, exposure to chemicals and sharp temperature fluctuations.

Furthermore, tends to spoon nails can occur due to genetic mutations and inherited.

8. Drumsticks

Another name - the Hippocratic fingers. This is a symptom in which the nail plates thicken and become similar to watch glass. Thus when viewed from the finger side, a rear angle between the nail shaft and nail plate exceeds 180 °.

Drumsticks - always a sign of a serious illness. They may occur in diseases of the lungs (tuberculosis to cancer), heart and vascular (heart disease, endocarditis, etc.), gastrointestinal (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and others).

9. nail detachment

In medicine it is called onycholysis - Blackout nail and nail bed when a void, and nail plate changes color between them.

In 60% of cases, it is the cause of injury. Upon impact vessels in the dermis are compressed, disturbed food nail changes its chemical composition and elasticity. Another 30% is fungal diseases and allergic reactions. The remaining 10% onycholysis develop due to systemic somatic diseases.

When the nail plate begins to rise up, it no longer covers the nail bed, which feeds it. This can lead to infection. If you hit or had some kind of contact with chemicals and suddenly noticed that the nail began to flake off, you need to use antifungal and regenerating means as soon as possible.

Olga Aleynikov, a nurse, manicure and pedicure

10. Half and half

So called a syndrome in which the nail plate half white and half, closer to the tip, - brownish.

The most likely cause is kidney failure, because of which increases the number of blood vessels under the nails, and they shine through the nail plate.

Also, the "half-hearted" nails found in HIV-positive people and those who underwent chemotherapy.

11. White, yellow and bluish nails

Change the color of the nail plate - the signal that it is time to do health.

If the nails are suddenly turned white, it is necessary to check the digestive and cardiovascular system, and pay special attention to the liver. Yellow hue also provoke liver disease as well as diseases of the endocrine and lymphatic system. Cyanosis indicates lack of oxygen, low hemoglobin, or poor circulation.

12. A single dark line

Most often, the black band appears on the nail plate due to injury or malfunction digestive system. And some people this is a feature of the natural pigmentation of the skin.

But if you eat properly, you do not hit anywhere, and on the nail suddenly appeared blackening, it is better to consult a doctor. This may be a sign of melanoma - a malignant skin cancer.

How to maintain the beauty and health of nails

Here are some general guidelines given Olga Aleynikov.

Proper nutrition, healthy sleep and sport should be the default. Regularly inspect the nail plate and take care of your hands.

• Do manicure and pedicure. Timely rasp or cut the end of the free edge of the nail and manipulate the cuticle.
• Not biting his nails.
• Wear gloves when handling chemicals and while digging in the beds.
• Take your vitamins.
• Regularly oil the hands and nails with a nourishing cream.
• Do not wear tight shoes, do not put your fingers in the slot, and be careful with a hammer.

Going to places with large concentrations of people use liquid gloves (it is such an emulsion). The risk of contracting infectious diseases through the hands is very high.

When he saw the nail plate signs of illness, use anti-fungal agents and regenerative medicines. If pathology has been sustained, be sure to hand over analyzes and see your doctor.

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