Do I need a vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis you and your family
Health / / December 19, 2019
tick borne encephalitis - this is a very dangerous disease, with poor course leading to death. The virus attacks the nervous system, so the infected person at risk to feel the serious consequences of the disease, up to paralysis.
The problem is that none of the tick is not recognized, it is contagious or just for the blood to drink, sucked. Therefore, onset of disease when treatment efficiency will be highest, and easy to miss.
We have to think more about how to protect themselves. Ways to protect a little: massively destroy mitesDo not give them to bite (ie walking in forests and parks in a closed clothes) or to be vaccinated.
How does the vaccine
When a person becomes infected, the body begins to produce antibodies. This specific proteins that need to delete a virus or bacterium. This process is not fast, so sometimes the virus manages to hit a large number of cells before antibody him straightened.
Any invented the vaccine for blood appeared these same antibodies. To this is introduced into the body of attenuated or dead (as in the case of encephalitis) pathogens. They are not ill, but the antibodies appear. And when you have to face this disease, the body destroys it, because the weapon is already drawn. Against tick-borne encephalitis vaccination too.
Important! Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis do not protect against bites and does not protect against other diseases that carry ticks: borreliosis, babesiosis and others.
So even vaccinated people should be protected from ticks.
What can be vaccinated
In Russia allowed four drugs. Two of them - a domestic production:
- "Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine purified culture concentrated inactivated dry."
- "EntseVir» (EnceVir).
Two cases in Europe, and these vaccines have a form that you can vaccinate children from years:
- "FSME-Immun Inject» (FSME-Immun Inject) and "FSME-Immun Junior» (FSME-Immun Junior), Austria.
- "Entsepur adult» (Encepur adults) and "Entsepur children» (Encepur baby), Germany.
The effectiveness of all these vaccinations is high. It is clear that check, placebo-controlled trial, how the vaccine is not possible for ethical reasons: it would have to deliberately infect people with encephalitis. Therefore, evaluating the benefit of immunization for analysis. If there were antibodies, everything worked as it should grafted human blood.
Rospotrebnadzor He speaksThat vaccines work in 95-99% of cases. The World Health Organization also for immunizations, Moreover it is highly estimates the quality of our products.
Difficulties and insurmountable obstacles
If everything is so wonderful, for some reason we are still not vaccinated?
First, the vaccination can not do everything. There are individual contraindications (at the European Vaccine them smaller). The most common - are allergic to components of the vaccine. There is nothing to be done, it is necessary to closely monitor the clothes form the whole summer.
Secondly, many people are afraid of reactions to the vaccine. The fact that about 7% of vaccinees (depending on the vaccine) fever, red spot, which was made a shot, feel body aches. These symptoms - a natural reaction to the introduction of the pathogen and a reason to see a doctor just in case. And then everyone chooses what to fear more: the possible encephalitis or couples sickness days.
Third, vaccines are often not in the clinics. For example, in Ulyanovsk, you can get vaccinated if your work involves constant presence in the forest or in the field. Otherwise, doctors just shrug their shoulders and say that for each vaccine is not available. But the vaccine is in the paid centers. (If you decide to get vaccinated at a private clinic, check the license it on immunization - is a separate type of medical care.)
Fourth, vaccination remember when mites were already awake and ready to attack you on the walks. And for immunity takes time.
How should I get vaccinated
Ideally, think about the vaccination should have been more in the winter. Vaccination is carried out according to a certain pattern: first is the first vaccine, a month or two - the second, a year later - the third.
Immunity to encephalitis occur in approximately two weeks after the second vaccination.
That is six weeks and two doses - the minimum conditions for the effectiveness of vaccinations.
If you then do not forget to make the third vaccination, the immunity will last three years. After three years of vaccinations have to be repeated. However, already by a single vaccination, rather than three.
Does it make sense to run after the vaccination is now
It depends on the place of residence, and plans for the summer. In the extreme case (when an urgent need to leave the danger zone), you can enter a ready-immunoglobulin, without waiting for the exhausted their. That is how come, when the mite bit unvaccinated person. But this immunity lasts no more than a month. At the donor immunoglobulin efficiency is lower, and the number of adverse reactions - higher than that of vaccines.
Who needs to get vaccinated
According to epidemiologistsIn Russia from the TBE virus were vaccinated at least three million people. This is negligible when you consider that the ticks - carriers of the virus - spread throughout the territory: in some regions, there are more in some less. The list of dangerous areas for 2015 are available here.
If you live in an area with a high risk of infection, often walking in the woods or in the park, you should be vaccinated, because the activity of the mites can survive until the end of the warm season. Everyone else - to act at its discretion.