Christmas crib: how to administer first aid if someone fell, choked or froze

extremity frostbite

Skin white and solid to the touch, do not feel anything

Must be protected chilblain something warm and a home run. You can not rub with snow and woolen clothes. If the frostbitten hands, you need to remove rings, watches and bracelets.

Housing affected part of the body should be immersed frostbite skin portion in the tub with water 36-40 ° C and keep up the sensitivity return. It is important to ensure that the water temperature did not fall below 36 ° C.

After warming appeared severe pain and swelling, skin was purple or blue, there were bubbles

It is necessary to go to the emergency room.

It burns from fireworks

It is painful, the skin reddened, swollen small bubbles

If the burn is on the street, you should wrap the damaged area with a thin cloth (handkerchief), and stick in the snow for 10 minutes - it will cool the burn. If the person is at home, it is necessary to substitute the affected area under cold water and hold for 10-15 minutes. After cooling, to lubricate the skin

remedy for burns and close the loose sterile dressing.

Swollen big bubbles, a place very swollen and sore

Cool down the damaged spot under running water for 10-15 minutes, apply a sterile dressing and go loose in tavmpunkt. You can not open the bubbles!

It got into eyes, flowing tears, swollen eyelid

must be washedEye Burn: How to Treat It Eye cool water for 10-15 minutes. You can pour water on the bridge, so that it flowed in both eyes, or pour it into a clean bowl, drop to the face and blink.

If the victim is in contact lenses, remove them is necessary in the process of washing, and not before: wash the eyes should be as soon as possible.

Fall on ice

Guaranteed to distinguish a fracture from contusion, sprains and strains is possible only with the help of X-ray. So if you have severe pain, bruising, swelling, changes in limb length, it is necessary to apply an unnatural position in the emergency room or call an ambulance.

George Budarkevich

Hurt a little, there was swelling and bruising, but the limb moves

Must be applied to the site of injury ice pack to relieve the pain. After this, you can apply an anti-inflammatory ointment or gel. If the pain and swelling subside after two days, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

The finiteness of the deformed, bruising and swelling, while driving, a strong and acute pain

It is necessary to fix the limb and go to the emergency room or, if not possible, call an ambulance.

The man hit his head

If the victim feels good, no injuries or damage, you can not go to the doctor, but still worth watching for status within 12-24 hours. Perhaps this "lucid interval" - a few hours, during which the brain injury does not manifest itself. Then the state can rapidly deteriorate.

It is necessary to call an ambulance for the following forms of traumatic brain injury:

• loss of consciousness;
• memory loss;
• Strong headache;
• sudden drowsiness;
• inappropriate behavior, appearance or status: gait disturbance, the deviation of the pupils, loss of sensation in the extremities, disturbances of vision or hearing.

The victim hit his head, lost consciousness and did not come to life

You can not bother the person trying to bring to life and stood up. The first thing you need to check for breathing. If there is no breathing, you need to carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation. If there is - to call an ambulance, turn the person on his side, warm and every two minutes to check the breathing.

The man hit his face, nose bleeds

that stop the bleedingShould stick to the nostril cotton wool pieces. You can not throw back his head, to keep it steady. If there is a suspected broken nose or jaw, you should consult a doctor.

alcohol poisoning

Nausea, headache

The victim must be washed stomach: drink 1-1.5 liters of clean water and induce vomiting. Followed by a drink enterosorbent and go to bed.

The man lost consciousness

You need to turn the patient on his side, so he choked vomit or the tongue is not blocked airways. If there are interruptions in breathing, call an ambulance.

Very bad to all who drank from a bottle

If alcohol is not bought, but somewhere got, for example in the production, possibly due to methyl alcohol poisoning. An urgent need to call an ambulance and waiting for doctors to wash out the stomach: drink 1-1.5 liters of clean water and induce vomiting. This must be done to all who drank from the bottle, even if they are not yet ill.

Blocking airway

Person coughs, but can speak and breathe

Enough to reassure choking: to say that everything is fine and just need to cough. No need to clap him on the back.

The victim can not cough, speak and breathe, keeps the throat

It is necessary to embrace the victim with one hand under the chest, tilt forward and five times to hit an open hand on the back between the shoulder blades in the upward direction.

If you did not work worth a try Geymliha reception. You must stand behind the victim, cuddle him, find a point on the abdomen just above the navel, one hand clenched in a fist and place the thumb to the stomach at this point. Second hand it is necessary to grasp the fist, sharply pressed on his stomach toward you and upward.

Try the technique five times. If does not work, you need to back repeat claps on the back.

A man alone, one can not help

To bend so that the top part of the stomach was located just above the back of the chair, the edge of the bath, or other hard object edge. Relax your feet, you have to pull hard on the subject sharply. Pressure in the stomach will be transferred through the diaphragm into the lungs and eject a foreign body outside.

The victim choked and fainted

It is necessary to call an ambulance, and then perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation. You can do this in parallel, turn on the speakerphone.

current kick garlands

Man holding a garland in his hands, his current hits

If the plug is damaged, switch off the garland from the outlet when damaged - to knock out of the hands of the victim garland non-conductive object (stick, stool) or pull, grabbing his clothes. Do not touch the skin of the victim until the garland will not be de-energized, otherwise you may get an electric shock.

Slightly shaken, no burns

You can throw a garland and forget.

Electric shock, has burns

You need to close the damaged spot wet bandage and contact the emergency room. Burns of electric current can be more serious than it seems from the outside. In addition, there is a likelihood of damage to the internal organs.

Electric shock, the man lost consciousness

You need to turn off the current, as described above, and check whether the victim is breathing. If so, turn it on its side and call a doctor. If not, carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A cut

Cut little blood flows drop by drop

Necessary handle cut antiseptic such as chlorhexidine, miramistinom or hydrogen peroxide. Lubricate the skin around the wound with iodine or brilliant green, close, plaster or bandage.

Blood flows from the continuous jet of wounds

It is necessary to immediately clamp the wound, and then apply a pressure bandage. After that, the victim should contact the emergency room or call an ambulance. If the bandage has not stopped the blood, should be imposed on top of the first one more.

Food poisoning

Vomit, tears, appeared loose stools

The victim to drink 1-1.5 liters of clean water, artificially induce vomiting, take chelators and go to bed. It should be a day to eliminate meal, drink non-carbonated water, weak, sweet tea.

Strong nausea, fever, abdominal cramps were

It is necessary to call an ambulance.

alimentary allergy

Swollen mouth and throat, swollen face appeared breathing problems

Need to spit out food residue, take antihistamines quick action.

stopped breathing

You must start cardiopulmonary resuscitation, in parallel to call an ambulance.

New kit

1. Bandages.
2. Vata.
3. Antiseptic agent: hydrogen peroxide, miramistin, chlorhexidine.
4. Zielonka.
5. Patch.
6. The healing ointment or spray.
7. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic ointment or gel.
8. Painkillers.
9. Antihistamines.
10. Chelators.