How not to go crazy in the city: 7 mental disorders faced by residents of large cities

Life in the big city - it's a constant race for success: to be better, earn more, forget about vacation and rest. All this, together with traffic jams, hour journey on public transport, adverse environmental conditions can lead to serious health problems.

The most common disorders

1. Neurasthenia

It occurs due to exhaustion of the nervous system in long-term mental overload. The inhabitants of cities, as a rule, a lot of work, they have little sleep and rest regularly get into a stressful and conflict situations.

How to recognize

Neurasthenia is often accompanied by headache and weakness, sleep disorders, digestive disorders, fatigue. As well as the feeling that every day - Groundhog Day, which is why there are outbursts of anger and irritability. Often accompanies neurasthenia professional burnout, psychosomatic disease and a condition similar to depression: It's tired, I want to lie down and do nothing.

2. Chronic fatigue syndrome

Residents of big cities are at risk of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). This contributes to an unbalanced emotional and intellectual strain, stress, increased responsibility, long working hours, failure mode of sleep and food.

How to recognize

Man can not fully relax. Forces do not return, even when it seems that finally sleep. This differs from the normal UAU fatigue.

Chronic fatigue syndrome can manifest itself in increased sleepiness during the day and insomnia after a hard day, irritation and a bad mood for no reason, and head for some new muscle pain, frequent illness, impairment of memory, allergic reactions.

3. anxiety disorder

It arises from the large number of stimuli of the nervous system. Noises, smells, lights, crowds of people - all this body simply does not have time to digest. Stress leads to disruption of sleep and appetite, sudden bouts of aggression or sadness, gloomy thoughts, headaches.

How to recognize

Fear and anxiety - quite normal and natural reaction of the body. But if a person is experiencing in their ordinary situations, which do not carry any danger, it may be a sign of frustration. For example, in line at the store, on a busy street or in an empty apartment.

4. Agoraphobia

This kind of anxiety disorder. Agoraphobia provoke frequent stresses, Stress, loneliness, lack of emotional contact.

How to recognize

The man is afraid of open space, with large concentrations of people. Most prone to this type of disorder impressionable, emotional, distrustful people.

5. Depression

This is the most common disease of the inhabitants of megacities. In varying degrees, it affects many people, though they can write off the warning signs on the lack of sleep or stress. Often depression is the result of a long-acting CFS and anxiety disorders.

How to recognize

Depression is characterized by a variety of symptoms. This depressed mood, lack of desire to do anything, indifference, inability to concentrate, slow and inaccurate movement. Man evaluates everything that happens in a negative light. Possible violations of the internal organs and systems: insomnia, headaches, pain in the heart or stomach.

Often, when a state of depression is much worse in the morning than in the evening.

6. panic disorder

The disease is very close to anxiety disorders. According to one theory, the cause of panic disorder may be atypical interpretation bodily signals unaccustomed to the body. They can cause lack of sleep, fatigue, constant stress, hangover, receiving a large amount of caffeinated drinks.

How to recognize

Pronounced form of the disorder - a panic attack: an inexplicable and painful to human heavy attack alarmAccompanied by pain in combination with different vegetative (somatic) symptoms.

7. Psychotic disorders (acute psychosis)

This is the most severe disorders with deep lesions of the psyche. Their reasons are numerous. However, constant stress influence on the severity of psychoses, provoke them more early development, aggravate the prognosis. The percentage of psychoses in urban areas is much higher than that of rural residents.

How to recognize

People with psychosis tend to be dangerous to themselves or others. Their behavior becomes strange, inappropriate, unproductive. Distorted relationship with reality, impaired perception of reality.

From what else suffer the inhabitants of large cities

1. different depending

Alcohol, drug, food and other. Use of stimulants due to the desire to cope with nervous exhaustion and stress.

2. Loneliness

It manifests itself in those who live in a large number of people. Even if a person has a formal relationship - husband, wife, boyfriend, parents - in this relationship may lack a sense of intimacy, tranquility and confidence.

How do you know that it is necessary to address urgently to the doctor

emotional symptoms

1. Abrupt change of mood in the cheerful melancholy.
2. Apathy, depression, depressed.
3. Feelings of anxiety and anxiety, irrational fear.
4. Despair, low self-esteem, the constant dissatisfaction with himself and his life.
5. Loss of interest or pleasure in work, communication with the outside world.
6. The feeling of guilt and worthlessness.
7. A sense of inner tension, persistent doubts about the correctness of the decisions made.

mental symptoms

1. Difficulties or complete loss of concentration, inability to focus on a certain action.
2. Preoccupation with their worthlessness, thoughts about the meaninglessness of life.
3. Performing simple tasks for a longer time than before.

physiological signs

1. Dry mouth, sweating.
2. Loss of appetite or overeating.
3. Rapid and significant weight loss (up to 10 kg for one or two weeks) or a sharp increase in body weight.
4. The change of taste habits.
5. Constipation or diarrhea.
6. Insomnia, prolonged falling asleep and waking up constantly, nightmares, Waking up early (for 3-4 hours in the morning), drowsiness during the day.
7. Lethargy movements or restlessness.
8. Muscle cramps, twitching century or cheeks, pain in the joints or back.
9. Fatigue, weakness in the limbs.
10. Reduction or complete absence of sexual desire.
11. Increased blood pressure until the hypertensive crisis, pain in the heart, increased heart rate.

behavioral signs

1. Voluntary isolation, unwillingness to communicate with family and friends.
2. Constant attempts to involve themselves and their problems the attention of others.
3. Loss of interest in life, carelessness and unwillingness to take care of yourself.
4. Constant dissatisfaction with himself and others, excessive demands and high criticality, conflict.
5. Passivity, unprofessional and poor performance of the work.

What to do for the prevention of mental disorders

1. Adjust sleep. That it helps the body to recover. Need to sleep at least seven to eight hours (if there is need, and more), go to the best up to 12 nights. Stop using gadgets at bedtime, better take a walk in the fresh air. Try to go to bed half an hour earlier. If sleep does not work right away, do not be nervous: the body gradually adopt a new rhythm.
2. Stay active. Not have to go to the gym and set records. Engage Nordic walking, running or just go briskly in the morning or evening, try yoga. If all this is not the strength, just more often outdoors.
3. Change your lifestyle. Take an unplanned vacation, go to the remote operation. Do not give up on the next holiday.
4. Try meditation. Or relaxing techniques, aromatherapy - all that helps to relieve stress.
5. Longer communicate with family and loved ones. Talk about your feelings, do not hold in itself negative.
6. Make meaningful power. Refuse a snack and gadgets in hands.
7. Do not sit on a diet, even if you are unhappy figure. Eat a full, forget about fast food. Eat more fruits and vegetables, nuts and dried fruits. Listen to your body - what exactly does he want?
8. Eliminate external stimuli. Remove everything that annoys you: Fix the dripping faucet, cover the windows, do permutation home or in the workplace.
9. Learn to manage stress. Do not let things take their course. Analyze the situation, change the attitude towards it, get rid of negative emotions at once, instead of accumulating.
10. Learn to speak more about their feelings. If communication to you a burden, do not force yourself, discard it. You do not have to meet someone else's expectations.
11. Discover new emotions. Try the unusual leisure activities, read different books, find new hobby, Try unfamiliar dishes and products, communicate with new people, expand your horizons. All new stimulates the brain.

see also

• 8 myths about mental health, that it is time to dismiss →
• How do you know that it's time for an appointment with the therapist →
• How to behave, if a loved one mental disorder →