How to avoid the most common summer injuries and illnesses

Warm weather, bright sun, the sea and the long-awaited vacation makes us not only happier, but also careless. However, even the most basic precautions that we often neglect, can save not only the holidays and weekends, but also life.

Layfhaker Ask your doctor to talk about the most common injuries and diseases, patients who are treated in the warm season.

1. Overheating, dehydration, heat stroke

In summer, people often turn to doctors due to heat-related ailments, since dehydration and ending with severe heat stroke.

Most difficult and often dangerous manifestation of overheating of the body is heat stroke. Most susceptible to thermal shock young children and the elderly. Particularly serious consequences (up to cardiac arrest) may develop in those who suffer from cardiovascular diseases.

The main symptoms of heat stroke: redness of the skin, high body temperature, muscle pain, heart palpitations, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath (respiratory disorders up to), dizziness, consciousness.

Heat stroke with severe symptoms, especially in people at risk, it requires immediate medical attention.

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IN heat Try to drink more and not stay on the street for too long, especially from 14:00 to 16:00. If you have to spend a few hours under the scorching sun, wear light headdress.

2. Risks associated with bathing

The hotter it is outside, the more we are drawn to the water. Unfortunately, beach holidays often ends injuries sustained while diving, boating, banana, jet skis and other boats.

But the most terrible part of the statistics of accidents on the water - this is the one that comes to drowning the children left at some point, unattended.

Unfortunately, people often ignore the warning signs, bathing in unsuitable for this purpose reservoirs, which often leads to sad consequences. If dive into the water without knowing either the bottom or the depth, can bump into the valve, pipe or rusty stone and finish picnic cuts, lacerations, or fractures of the cervical vertebrae.

According to the Emergencies Ministry, 90% of all drowning people bathed in a state of intoxication. That is why you need to follow a very simple but effective rule: you can not stand firmly on the ground - do not go into the water.

If a person is submerged, save it can only be for six minutes. Therefore, think twice before you swim in an unknown pond, drunk or let the children play in the water unattended.

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Oddly enough, most of the children drowned when resting near the water accompanied by an adult heap. Parents think that the more people, the kids are more secure.

In fact, seniors are usually passionate about communicating with each other, and children for the most part left to themselves. Often, kids are falling into the water when they no one is watching. And according to statistics, are killed mostly in swimming pools and close to the coast, at a shallow depth.

If you are going to relax by the water, determine which of the adults will look after children. You can change every half hour. The main thing that has always been responsible for the safety of children.

3. Burns and cuts

Summer in hospitals and trauma centers constantly turning fans and fires kebabsAs well as the victim's inept handling of kitchen knives. Often, those who go to relax in nature, or do not train in everyday life, or try to cut snack tipsy.

At the time of barbecue burn units are usually overcrowded. The most frequent causes of treatment people are burns resulting from misuse mixtures for firing or other combustible materials (petrol, kerosene), who love to pour into the fire right out bottle.

People do not realize that when you click in the bottle creates a negative pressure, and there is a risk that it could erupt at a moment right in the hands.

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4. Poisoning and intestinal disorders

Summer - the favorite time of infectious disease. Heat and humidity - the optimum environment for the reproduction of all kinds of bacteria.

Generally, people end up in hospital after a picnic, where food can be half-baked, or cooked properly for a long time to lie in the sun. Another reason for the enteric infections - poorly washed fruits and vegetables.

To protect themselves from the unpleasant symptoms of food poisoning in the heat you need to follow a few simple rules:

1. Wash hands thoroughly before eating.
2. Refuse food with high content of soda and yeast, as it is fermented foods are an excellent place for the development of pathogenic micro-organisms.
3. Thoroughly wash all vegetables and fruits, which fall on the table
4. Comply with the conditions of storage products, especially dairy.

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5. Sports injuries

Whoever entire winter sitting in the office and lay on the couch, and in the summer decided to drive the ball on the grass or jump for frisbee risks in the day to say goodbye to outdoor activities. Sprains, dislocations and fractures - the most common summer injuries faced by doctors in the emergency room.

The most common sports injuries at any time of the year - damaged ligament apparatus and the meniscus of the knee. These patients receive injuries when practicing football, volleyball, basketball and other team sports.

In the summer of such injuries happen due to the fact that playing in nature, people often forget the need to protect the ligament from the right shoes to joint locks. Sand does not give the necessary support legs, and just this is an additional risk factor for injury.

The only injury that can be considered a year - is a cervical spine injury. Unfortunately, divers do not think about safety and continue in the pursuit of adrenaline, or showing off in front of friends to dive into unexplored areas. Often these injuries are incompatible with life.

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To actively spent the first summer weekend not resulted in a few weeks in a cast or fixation bandages, do not forget about workout. In general, it is better to be active in the rest of the year.

6. skin irritations and insect bites

Bright summer green fraught with a lot of dangers, ranging from allergy and ending deadly burns hogweed. Insect bites are also one of the most common summer problems faced by doctors.

Keep an eye on the place of irritation or sting. If there will be a lump or swelling that does not subside or increases in size, consult a doctor immediately.

Irritation and even burns can cause many plants, such as parsnip, delphinium, meadow parsnip and even quite innocuous-looking buttercup.

If you love wild flowers, remember that with them in the house can get dangerous insects. The most insidious - ticks, carriers of encephalitis, Lyme disease and other infections.

Before taking a stroll treat clothes and shoes repellent, wear a hat, on his return home, inspect the skin. If you We found a tick Body, remember: you can not take your insect. Try to remove the tick carefully as possible to save it and return to study.

Be sure to consult a doctor and take a blood test in the laboratory: a comprehensive study reveal Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis.

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7. sunburns

You can burn up to such an extent that the required medical care. Immediately contact your doctor if blisters appear on the skin, or if the burn is accompanied by nausea, disorientation, headache or chills. The same should be done if the means at hand, such as aloe vera ointment or ibuprofen, do not give results within two days.

Do not forget to use sunscreen. Ultraviolet light is useful in small doses, but its excess can lead to skin cancer.

If you have fair skin, the protective index of sunscreen should be at least 20. If your skin is light, and red hair, is not less than 30. If you are dark-skinned, then enough 15.

Remember that burn symptoms appear immediately, but after 12-20 hours. The skin is red, touch it hurts, my head hurts, temperature may rise. We begin to help themselves.

1. Cooling. Suit compresses furatsilinom or chlorhexidine. If these drugs do not have, do lotion with plain water, tea, juice or aloe potatoes.
2. Moisturize. After cooling, the skin should definitely be wet, otherwise it will dry up and inflamed even more. The pharmacy sold a lot of drugs with Dexpanthenol, which will be able to help. Grandma means - yogurt, sour cream, milk - also do an excellent job.
3. Anesthesia. Your first aid kit should be aspirin, paracetamol or ibuprofen. These drugs will help you reduce the pain and reduce the temperature.

If all measures have been taken, but does not become easier, and there were blisters on the skin and sores, it is necessary to consult your doctor immediately.

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Quite a bit of forethought - and all of these troubles can be avoided. Summer and so short. There is no need to spend it to fix the consequences of his own negligence.