“Physiology and modern medicine” - course 2800 rub. from MSU, training 15 weeks. (4 months), Date: December 5, 2023.
Miscellaneous / / December 08, 2023
Course participants have the opportunity to become familiar with modern ideas about the functioning of the main systems of the body; The course provides ideas about the work of the cardiovascular system, digestive system, endocrine systems, about the nervous and hormonal regulation of body functions in normal conditions, in pathologies and in ontogeny. The course will also introduce the basic concepts of electrophysiology; elements of modern neurophysiology and advances in brain science will be presented at an accessible level. Particular attention is paid to problems of health and pathology of the population, pathophysiology of organ systems. The course lectures explain both fundamental and applied aspects of physiology. In particular, material is presented explaining the connection between physiology and pharmacology; concerning some social aspects of physiology and pharmacology, pharmacology of human management. Current issues of integration of physiology and other biological disciplines are considered: molecular biology, proteomics. The ultimate goal of the course is to develop in the audience a basic understanding of the functioning of the body, as well as ideas about physiology as an integral science, closely integrated with various fields knowledge.
Lecture 1. Human behavior and neuropharmacology. Kamensky A.A.
The lecture will discuss the social aspects of physiology and pharmacology, pharmacology of behavior.
Lecture 2. “Why does the heart work?” Kuzmin V.S.
General structure of the human heart, organization of the pacemaker and working myocardium; cycle of the heart as a pump; connection between bioelectrical and mechanical activity of the heart, electrophysiological basis of cardiac arrhythmias.
Lecture 3. The working cells of the heart are cardiomyocytes. Abramochkin D.V.
The lecture will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of bioelectrical activity of heart cells - cardiomyocytes; methods for studying this activity.
Lecture 4. Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract and healthy eating. Medvedeva N.A.
This lecture examines the basics of the gastrointestinal tract, provides ideas about the physiology of digestion, its pathologies and healthy nutrition.
Lecture 5. The wisdom of our body and the circulatory system. Tarasova O.S.
Principles of regulation of homeostasis in the body using the example of the functioning of the cardiovascular system, regulatory disorders blood circulation underlying the pathogenesis of some socially significant diseases, correction of such disorders using physical training.
Lecture 6. System of endocrine regulation of the human body, Smirnova O.V.
Distance of action of signaling compounds and the concept of hormone. Hormone-producing cells. Endocrine circuit and hormonal axes. Connections between hormones of different axes. Functions of hormones of corticotropic, thyroid-stimulating, reproductive and other axes.
Lecture 7. “Brain-computer interfaces for rehabilitation medicine” Kaplan A.Ya.
The problem of decoding the electrical activity of the brain to detect and transmit its commands to external actuators without the aid of voice and movements is considered. The results of research and examples of specific technologies that allow patients after stroke and neurotrauma to type texts are presented. communicate on the Internet, give commands to external devices, and also restore motor functions using only mental effort.
Lecture 8. Regeneration of nerve fibers. Bogacheva P.O.
The lecture discusses the mechanisms of restoration of innervation after peripheral nerve injury, the process of Wallerian degeneration, the role of Schwann cells in subsequent regeneration, cone navigation growth and establishment of new synaptic contacts with target cells, surgical approaches to restoring the integrity of the nerve and modern approaches to maintaining and directing its growth to targets.
Lecture 9. Physiology of pain and analgesics. Manchenko M.D.
This lecture discusses the peripheral and central mechanisms of the formation of pain; methods of transmission of pain sensations and their molecular mechanisms; principles of action of pharmacological compounds aimed at reducing the intensity of pain signals and pain sensations.
Lecture 10. Brain ischemia and neuroinflammation. Gorbacheva L.R.
Ischemia as a factor of damage. Cerebral ischemia: causes and consequences. Mechanisms of the damaging effects of cerebral ischemia. Inflammation as a component of ischemic injury and subsequent dysfunction of the brain. The role of glial cells in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Possible ways to correct the consequences of ischemic brain damage.
Lecture 11. Electrical activity of nerve and muscle cells and its disorders. Balezina O.P.
The mechanisms of generation of resting and action potentials, their role and use for the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies of electrical activity of neurons and muscles are considered. Varieties of ion channels and currents are described as targets of natural toxins and gene mutations. A modern summary of “canalopathies” and methods for their correction is given using the example of epilepsy and periodic paralysis in humans.
Lecture 12. Neurobiology of memory and nootropics. Dubynin V.A.
The main neurophysiological mechanisms of the formation of short-term and long-term memory at the synaptic level and the level of macrostructures of the brain (new cortex, hippocampus, centers reinforcements). The role of glutamate receptors, as well as methods of pharmacological influence on processes of recording and storing information in the nervous system (including the activity of substances with nootropic properties).