The first mechanized dishwasher went on sale in 1886. American Josephine Cochrane said to myself, "I am a woman, rather than a dishwasher!" (Or rather: «! If nobody else is going to invent a dishwashing machine, I'll do it myself») and invented the dishwasher.
In 1950 it began selling compact dishwashers, suitable for home use. Since then, the household appliance - a typical "resident" on the American kitchen, along with a refrigerator and coffee maker.
We have also a dishwasher for a long time been considered a luxury. But more and more people are aware of their advantages (time saving, quality cleaning) in recent years.
In this article you will learn how to properly wash the dishes in the dishwasher, as well as what to do to the unit have served you for many years.
Dishwashers are floor (free-standing or built-in) and desktop (compact). Floor dishwashers are classified as the "narrow" (width 45 cm, 9-13 sets) and "full-length" (width 60 cm, 7-16 sets).
Set - a set of dishes for one person (a soup tureen, a flat plate, saucer, cup, cutlery).
Furthermore, dishwashers are different operation modes, the type of load, economy of water and energy consumption and other parameters.
But regardless of the brand dishwashers, there are general rules of operation. Get acquainted with the main ones.
Rule number 1 - the right to place the dishes in the machine
As a rule, modern dishwashers are equipped with 2 baskets to load the dishes. The bottom is designed for large items (pots, pans, large meals). Upper - for tableware (plates, cups, etc.). Spoons, forks, knives and other cutlery usually placed in a special tray that comes with the machine or sold separately.
, Start loading from the bottom of the basket in order to optimally place the dishes in the machine. Arrange the large plates at the edges, small - closer to the center. There, in the middle, put the tray with cutlery (if it is not, all the same place forks and spoons in the center).
Utensils should not interfere with the rotation of the rocker arm of the machine. Therefore, do not use pans and other items with long handles upright.
The water in the dishwasher is usually fed from the bottom upwards, so place the hollow objects (mugs, plates, cups) upside down. Do not place them on their side - will remain water and detergent. In addition, it is not recommended to put the objects into each other.
Do not overload the machine. And if dishes are very dirty, then it is better to put the plates in every cell of the basket, and through one.
But the most important thing to remember, some dishes can be washed in the dishwasher, and what not.
That can not be washed in the dishwasher:
- Old cracked or glued dishes;
- wooden objects (cutting boards, knives with wooden handles, etc.);
- rusting of steel items, copper and tin;
- heat sensitive dishes (glass and plastic).
It is not recommended to wash in the dishwasher:
- silver and aluminum objects (or only with the use of special detergent and washing programs);
- crystal dishes (or only with spets.sredstvami and gentle wash conditions);
- crockery (if wrong selection of detergent and wash program, and frosting patterns may become darker).
At the end of the washing cycle, wait 10-15 minutes, until the dishes cool down. If you get the dishes at once, you can get burned. In addition, hot dishes easier to beat.
Do not use the dishwasher as a stiralku. Do not wash it dishtowels, sponges, and other utensils.
Rule number 2 - to choose the washing mode
Standard dishwasher cycle of operation includes a preliminary washing (washing away food debris cold water) washing (immediately washing with hot water with detergent), rinse (wash detergent) and drying.
In addition, there are dishwashers programs such as intensive cleaning (very high t º - up to 75 degrees), a program for fragile dishes (tº water - 30 to 40 degrees), quick washing (when it is necessary to rinse the dishes after the liquid food or immediately after a meal) and others.
Selectable program you (washing time and temperature) should correspond to the type of utensils and degree of soiling.
In addition, the dishwasher secondary and higher price range is a function of "pre-soak". But it is much easier and more economical than before loading dishes into the machine to clean off the dried-on food remnants from them manually. Same with "burnt-on" pots and pans.
Rule number 3 - Use the right detergent
Special detergents used in the dishwasher.
Do not use a conventional gels and powders for washing dishes.
Detergents for dishwashers can be divided into two types - powders and tablets.
More common powders. On average, its consumption for 1 cycle of the dishwasher operation is 25-30 grams.
Tablets are considered more comfortable. They are single-layered, multi-layered and combined. The latter are the most practical, since combine and builders, and rinse aid and regenerating salt. If the model of your machine provides for the use of such funds, you do not have to buy three different substances.
Flow tableted means is approximately 1 tablet per one cycle.
It is not recommended to use the detergent tablets in the gentle wash programs - does not have time to dissolve the tablet.
According to the properties, dishwasher detergents can be divided into highly alkaline and weakly alkaline (generally with enzymes). Enzymes - a biological enzyme supplements that cleave proteins, lipids and polysaccharides that make up the contamination. Funds with enzymes normally used for washing delicate items.
More - does not mean cleaner. Use as much detergent as instructed.
In addition, if the package does not have special instructions, it is not necessary to wash them fragile or silverware.
In addition to detergent, to make effective use of the dishwasher, rinse needed. It removes traces of detergent, dish gives luster and facilitates its quick drying. Flow conditioner about 0.5-0.7 liters for 10-12 cycles.
Rule number 4 - watch the water hardness
Purity plates, washed in the dishwasher, also depends on the hardness of the water. Hard water on the dishes are streaks.
In most cases, normal operation of the machine requires a water softening. For this refined salt used. Typically, the capacity for it in the cars is big enough - at 1-2 kg. Enough long enough.
In addition, the lime from hard water settles on the heating elements of the machine, which can lead to breakage. Therefore, the salt is necessary also to protect the device.
Rule number 5 - Court for dishwasher
Any technique loves care. Dishwashers - is no exception. If you want the machine to serve you for a long time, follow these guidelines.
From time to time clean the filter (it settle eroded remnants of food). Wash basket for utensils regularly (as a rule, they can be easily removed).
Use the extra money to take care of a dishwasher. So, every 15-20 cycles, it is recommended to use a degreaser (powdered or gel agent). It helps to remove accumulated fat from the internal parts of the machine.
Also, 2-4 times a year, arrange car "prevention." You can use a special tool or a normal citric acid. Pour the "antiscale" to the dispenser and turn the machine on unloaded standard cycle.
Finally, at least once a week with a damp cloth, wipe the dishwasher inside and outside, do not forget about the door seal.