20 questions about the exam, the answers to which parents should know

What's up with the USE? Like they were going to cancel?

The unified state exam in Russia has existed for more than 20 years. It was first held in 2001 in Chuvashia, Mari El, Yakutia, Samara and Rostov regions as part of an experiment. Since 2009, the USE has been the only form of final exams at school. It is also the main variant of entrance examinations to universities.

At the same time, for all 20 years, the state exam has been criticized and proposed to be canceled. The last high-profile case - performanceBastrykin called the exam a torture for young people and proposed to cancel it /RBC Chairman of the Investigative Committee Alexander Bastrykin at the conference "The role of law in ensuring human well-being". He called the Unified State Examination a torture and offered to revive the Soviet education system.

However, the unified state exam is more alive than all the living, no one is seriously discussing its abolition.

Will you have to take the exam, even if you are not going to the university?

Mandatory exams - Russian language and basic mathematics - everyone needs to pass. This is required to receive a certificate. The document is only for those who have mastered the school curriculum. And knowledge is now checked with the help of the exam.

True, during the pandemic, an exception was made for those who are not going to receive higher education. In 2021 confirmChanges in the procedure for conducting the Unified State Examination and the state final certification of graduates of the 9th and 11th grades in 2021 have been announced / Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation their knowledge of the Russian language and mathematics was possible with the help of a regular exam. In 2020 and all allowedThe USE will be postponed to a later date / Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation teachers to give such students grades without attestation, based on the results of the school year.

In 2022, the Unified State Examination is planned to be held as in pre-Covid times. That is, everyone needs to prepare for two exams. But for the rest of the items - to choose from. Many of them can not be taken even by those who are going to university.

And in what subjects is there an exam in general?

There are two mandatory exams, as already mentioned - Russian and basic mathematics. And this begs the question: if there is a basic one, then obviously there is another one? It really is.

A student can choose which exam to pass - basic mathematics or profile. These are different in structure and complexity of the test. The base is needed to get a certificate, this is exclusively a final exam. You can't get into a university based on your results. To submit documents to the university, you need a certificate of passing a specialized, more complex version.

At the same time, if a student fails profile mathematics, he can then pass the base and get his certificate. But you won’t be able to move in the other direction: if you chose the base and successfully passed the test, you won’t be able to complete the profile. At least this year.

In addition to specialized mathematics, there are other subjects for which you can pass the exam:

• physics;
• chemistry;
• history;
• Social Studies;
• informatics and information and communication technologies;
• biology;
• geography;
• foreign languages ​​(English, German, French, Chinese and Spanish);
• literature.

Accordingly, the student is preparing for those that will be useful to him for admission. And if there are two mandatory exams, then electives can be taken at least all. True, the exam in some disciplines takes place on the same day. If two exams fall on the same date, the second can be completed on reserve days.

Who do you want to know what items you want to donate?

The application for participation in the exam is submitted before February 1. Graduates of the current year with this should have been helped at school. You can also usually do this at the point of receiving applications - it is better to check their location on the website of the local education authority.

Those who do not graduate from school, but want to pass the exam, must contact the same points. Such a need may arise, for example, if you received a secondary general education many years ago, and decided to enter a university only now.

If the student did not meet the deadline for good reasons, he can apply later. But no later than two weeks before the exam. reason being late and must be documented.

After submitting the application, the USE participant will receive a notification about where and when the test will take place.

If you change your mind, can you change something?

For those who have chosen the exam, but do not want to take it, it is enough just not to come to it.

But adding an item to the list will be more difficult. Again, good reasons are needed, which can be supported by documents. For example, a student planned to enter a military university, but his health deteriorated sharply. So he needs to choose another university. If he applies with this justification and a certificate to the application office, he may be allowed to hand over other items.

The main thing is to resolve this issue no later than two weeks before a particular exam.

And if the child did not study the subject at school, but wants to pass the exam on it, is that possible?

Yes. This is usually the case with foreign languages. For example, they taught him English, and for admission you need to pass Spanish. A teenager can choose any subject from the list of exams, regardless of what he was taught at school.

Is everyone allowed to take the exam? Or is something needed for this?

There are special requirements for students. They need to finish the school year without twos and write the final writingFinal essay (statement) / Rosobrnadzor. It is usually taken at school in December. For those who missed the test or did not complete the task, there are reserve days in February and May.

Graduates with disabilities can write a summary.

Some universities take essay scores into account when making admission decisions. Therefore, it makes sense to cope with the work as best as possible.

Is it possible to pass the exam without studying with a tutor?

It is believed that the exam only checks the knowledge of the school curriculum. So theoretically there should not be anything that was not encountered in the lessons.

In practice, this depends on many factors. For example, from a teacher who can give material in different ways. And also on how the child has been doing in recent years. In addition, there is a gap between just "passing" and "getting a high score", which is necessary for admission to prestigious universities.

In any case, you need to prepare for the exam. If only because a significant part of the exam does not imply a dialogue with the teacher, where you can "swim out" with the help of resourcefulness. When you have test questions in front of you, especially with an open answer option, it’s not easy to compose something, it’s better to know the answer.

Is it possible to practice taking this exam? And parents to see what will happen there?

Options for tasks in various subjects are posted on the website of the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements. At the exam itself, these same questions are unlikely to come across. But they will help to understand what awaits the child in general.

In addition, schools usually arrange mock exams for high school students periodically so that they practice filling out forms and solving problems.

When are the exams themselves?

Usually, the exam is taken from the end of May to the beginning of July. In 2022 schedule suchOrder of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science dated November 17, 2021 No. 834/1479 "On approval of a unified timetable and the duration of the unified state exam for each academic subject, the requirements for the use of training and education tools during its conduct in 2022 year":

• May 26 - geography, literature, chemistry;
• May 30 and 31 - Russian;
• June 2 - Unified State Examination in Mathematics at the profile level;
• June 3 - Unified State Examination in mathematics of a basic level;
• June 6 - history, physics;
• June 9 - social studies;
• June 14 - foreign languages ​​​​(with the exception of the "Speaking" section), biology;
• June 16 and 17 - foreign languages, section "Speaking";
• June 20 and 21 - computer science and information and communication technologies.

There are still reserve days, which have already been mentioned earlier. If a student missed the exam for a good reason or the exam fell out for one day in two subjects he needs, he can take the test on the following dates:

• June 23 - Russian;
• June 24 - geography, literature, foreign languages ​​(section "Speaking");
• June 27 - Unified State Examination in mathematics at the basic and profile levels;
• June 28 - foreign languages ​​​​(with the exception of the "Speaking" section), biology, computer science;
• June 29 - social science, chemistry;
• June 30 - history, physics;
• July 2 - all academic subjects.

Is it possible to pass the exam in advance?

The exam can be passed ahead of schedule, but not all in a row. This mainly applies to graduates of previous years. But in some cases, current schoolchildren can also apply for this.

This is suitable for those who study externally and have already mastered the school curriculum by March or cannot take exams on the main dates for good reasons. For admission, you must not have debts, get a "credit" for the final essay and the approval of the teachers' council.

Early exams will be held from March 21 to April 7Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science dated November 17, 2021 No. 834/1479 "On approval of a unified timetable and the duration of the unified state exam for each academic subject, the requirements for the use of training and education tools during its conduct in 2022 year".

And what will happen in the exam?

The exam usually starts at 10 am and lasts 3 hours 55 minutes. This time was not chosen by chance. If the test lasts 4 hours or more, the children must be fed. It needs to be organized. In addition, during a meal break, it will be difficult to ensure that students do not use tips and cheat sheets.

However, this does not apply to all items. For example, an exam in history and social studies lasts only 3 hours.

If the child is late, they must let him in. But he is obliged to finish the work together with everyone, his time will not be extended.

Exam participants will be checked at the entrance passports. Although, if a student has forgotten the document, there is no tragedy in this. His identity can be verified by a school representative. And all his data will be in the list of organizers.

Examinees will be asked to voluntarily surrender everything that cannot be carried into the classroom, namely:

• means of communication;
• photo and video equipment;
• anything that can be used as cheat sheets.

If this is not done, and the organizers discover a “ban”, they will be kicked out of the test without the right to retake this year. So it's better to take it seriously.

Then the participants will be divided into audiences according to the lists and seated in specific places. You cannot change them. In the classrooms, the organizers will distribute the USE forms and conduct briefings.

Examinees are not allowed to talk to each other. Rewrite questions for yourself on a separate piece of paper to take with you - too. Perhaps teachers would be happy to turn a blind eye to some violations. But audiences must be equipped with video surveillance. That is, the organizers themselves can be punished for non-compliance with the rules. Therefore, it is better to do everything as it should be.

If the student completes the work quickly, he can pass the exam materials and leave the classroom without waiting for the others.

So everything is strict. Can you take something with you? Water? Calculator?

Be sure to have a passport with you and a few black pens - gel or capillary. You can take one, but suddenly she stops writing? Water, as well as, if necessary, food and medicine, are also allowed to be brought into the audience. Although, of course, as a snack, schoolchildren usually choose not a chicken leg in a tray, but chocolate.

Some exams allow you to take auxiliary tools:

• in mathematics - a ruler without extraneous inscriptions and reference information;
• in physics - a ruler and a non-programmable calculator;
• in chemistry - a non-programmable calculator, Mendeleev's periodic table of chemical elements, a table of the solubility of salts, acids and bases in water, an electrochemical series of metal voltages;
• in geography - a protractor, a ruler and a non-programmable calculator.

Can you even go to the toilet?

Of course, and any number of times. But all papers must be left in the audience. The organizers will record when the student left the classroom and returned to it.

The situation is generally nervous. If the child becomes ill, it turns out that he failed the exam?

Not at all. If the student feels unwell, he must inform the organizer about it. He will take him to the health worker present in the institution. And if he considers that the child cannot continue the tests, he will draw up papers about this. Moreover, it is important to ensure that the medical officer draws up a document on the early termination of the exam and gives it to the student to sign.

Then the exam can be taken on the reserve day.

How are works evaluated? And the judges, so to speak, who?

The test part is checked by the computer. Sheets are scanned, and the program compares the answers from the form with the correct ones. Therefore, it is important to fill out the papers according to the instructions.

If the task involves a detailed answer, it is checked by a special commission. At the same time, the materials are depersonalized, so that the experts do not know whose work they are. Each of them is watched by two members of the commission. If the scores are approximately the same, the result will be displayed as the arithmetic mean rounded up. If the discrepancy is serious, a third expert will enter the case, whose verdict will be decisive.

Then all the results of the checks will be processed, and the scores will be summarized into a single assessment.

Long wait for results?

Verification takes about 14 days. After that, the results can be found on a special site. Scanned sheets of work will also be attached there. It is better to look at them and check if there are any technical errors that have deprived the student of several points.

We worry about ratings. What to do if you do not agree with the scores?

Within two working days after the announcement of the results, you can apply for an appeal to the conflict commission. Find out where it is on the website of the local authority responsible for education. Usually this is one of the schools.

Then the applicant will be called to a meeting of this commission. If desired, his parents or other legal representatives can come with him. There you can already express your arguments and try to restore justice.

The complexity of the appeals is that after leaving the audience it will no longer be possible to look at the assignments, so you will have to rely on memory. At the same time, even if you do not agree with the answer on any one question, they will check all the work and, as a result, the scores can not only be increased, but also lowered. However, the intention to fill up all those who file an appeal, the experts usually do not. So, if the student is sure that he is right, you can try.

If I failed the exam, can I retake it?

Mathematics and Russian, which are needed to obtain a certificate, are allowed to retake in September. If we are talking about elective subjects, you will have to postpone repeated attempts for a year.

Suppose a child received high scores, but did not enter. Do I also have to retake the exam in a year?

No. USE results are valid for four years. So next year you can do the same with them.

Moreover, if you retake the exam next year, but you like the previous results better, you can still use them. They are not cancelled.