What exactly should prolong human life in the near future

According to scientists, human life has a certain limit. Thus, the authors of the study, published in the journal Nature, using mathematical modeling predictedT. V. Pyrkov, K. Avchaciov, A. E. Tarkhov, L. I. Menshikov, A. V. Gudkov & P. O. Fedichev. Longitudinal Analysis of Blood Markers Reveals Progressive Loss of Resilience and Predicts Human Lifespan Limit / Naturethat at the age of 120-150, our body completely loses its ability to recover from diseases and injuries, which means that it will not survive even the simplest ARVI.

However, these calculations assess the current capabilities of the body. If we learn how to modify it, for example, turn certain genes on or off, there is a chance that we can slow downJ. Campisi, P. Kapahi, G. J. Lithgow, S. Melov, J. C. Newman & E. Verdin. From Discoveries in Aging Research to Therapeutics for Healthy Aging / Nature aging process and last longer.

Today, a lot of money is invested in such research and people are keenly interested in them.Disrupting the Reaper: Tech Titans' Quest for Immortality Rages Forward / Futurism

the smartest and luckiest people on the planet - for example, Elon Musk or Google co-founder Sergey Brin. So there is a chance for success.

Experts from The New York Times analyzedCan We Live to 200? / The New York Times scientific, medical and social developments, which in the near future may push the limit of the average human life for many years ahead.

What may appear in the next 5 years

From life-prolonging supplements to cancer vaccinations.

Wearing masks as the new social norm

In the first year of the pandemic, experts found that it practically disappeared from medical reports flu. It is assumed that one of the key reasons why the epidemic season 2020-2021 did not take place was the widespread practice of wearing masks in crowded places.

Experts expectCDC director warns the U.S. is at risk of a severe flu season this year / CNBCthat in the winter of 2021–2022, the flu may return, since in many countries quarantine restrictions have been significantly weakened or completely lifted. But if the habit of wearing medical masks and maintaining social distance with symptoms of colds continues, in the United States alone this could save up to 60 thousand lives a year.

Accurate information on genetic markers of longevity

Researchers are actively pursuingDigging Into DNA to See Why Some People Live Until 110 / HealthLine decoding and analysis of the genome of people who live 110 years or more. If scientists understand the reasons for longevity, then perhaps they will learn how to turn on and off the genes responsible for superlong life.

Life-prolonging dietary supplements

One of the contenders for this role is a compound called alpha-ketoglutarate. It is already known that its intake increasesA. A. Shahmirzadi, D. Edgar, C. Liao, Y. Hsu, M. Lucanic, A. A. Shahmirzadi, C. D. Wiley, Garbo Gan, D. E. Kim, H. G. Kasler, C. Kuehnemann, B. Kaplowitz, D. Bhaumik, R. R. Riley, B. K. Kennedy, G. J. Lithgow. Alpha ‑ Ketoglutarate, an Endogenous Metabolite, Extends Lifespan and Compresses Morbidity in Aging Mice / Cell Metabolism the lifespan of female mice, and rodents of both sexes, allows them to maintain good health longer. Scientists are now investigating how alpha-ketoglutarate affects markers of aging in humans.

Another potential "health pill" is micropeptides. In experiments, these tiny proteins significantly improveNew universe of miniproteins is upending cell biology and genetics / Science physical shape and prolong life in the same mice. Such funds are currently being tested in humans and may be approved within the next few years.

Medicines to combat obesity

Obesity can reduceDoes obesity reduce life expectancy? / Medscape life expectancy is 5–20 years. But drugs may soon be approved that will quickly reduce weight. For example, one drug, which is now in clinical trials, has shown itself to be quite effective: in 68 weeks, volunteers lostJ. P.H. Wilding, R. L. Batterham, S. Calanna, M. Davies, L. F. Van Gaal, I. Lingvay, B. M. McGowan, J. Rosenstock, M. T.D. Tran, T. A. Wadden, S. Wharton, K. Yokote. Once ‑ Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity / The New England Journal of Medicine up to 15% of body weight.

Cancer vaccinations

Vaccines based on mRNA technology that have proven to be effective in preventing complications from COVID-19 are under development and likely to be introduced soon. Such vaccines are expected to be useful in the treatment of melanomas, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, and many other cancers.

What is likely to appear in 5-10 years

From the ability to edit the genome to the procedure for "rejuvenating" the blood.

Widespread introduction of school education

It sounds a bit paradoxical, but the level of education is directly related toMore Education may mean a longer life expactancy / Futurity with a lifespan. In this regard, the UN promisesSustainable Development Goal 4 Education 2030 / United Nations by 2030, ensure that all children in the world can complete at least primary and secondary school.

Built-in breathalyzers in every car

In the USA it is being discussedFeds to (Finally) Explore Drunk Driving Prevention Tech / StreetsBlog USA a bill that will require automakers to install breath analyzers in cars - to block the engine from starting until the driver "breathes into a tube."

Of course, such alcolocks do not improve health. But globally speaking, they will increase life expectancy by preventing thousands of annual road traffic deaths.

CRISPR genome editing

CRISPR is the latest biotechnology that allowsWhat is CRISPR / New Scientist scientists to edit human DNA to stop the development of serious pathologies, such as blood diseases, cancer, hereditary blindness, cardiovascular disorders. CRISPR has been actively studied for several years, and, perhaps, after a while, the procedure for correcting the genome and turning off disease-causing genes will become familiar.

Brain stimulation to combat overeating

Scientists have already discoveredHow deep brain stimulation silenced food cravings / Future the part of the brain that makes people overeat. Perhaps by installing tiny implants in brain tissue, it will be possible to regulate unhealthy appetite and thus stop the global epidemic of obesity.

"Rejuvenation" of blood

During this procedure, certain components are added to the blood plasma. They make the body think that it has returned to adolescence. Accordingly, the process aging either stops or even rolls back.

This is, of course, an optimistic theory, but it findsCan Blood from Young People Slow Aging? Silicon Valley Has Bet Billions It Will / NewsWeek confirmation in experiments on elderly mice. Human studies are just around the corner.

Personalized medicines to correct the microbiome

The population of bacteria in the human intestine affects the functioning of all organs and systems of the body. In addition, it is closely related to age. In the coming years, it is expectedUnique gut microbiome patterns linked to healthy aging, increased longevity / National Institute of Agingthat doctors will learn to individually regulate the microbiome of each person and prolong life.

What is expected in 10-20 years or more

So far, promising research is in its infancy.

"Designer genes"

This is a serious intervention in the genome, which will allow stopping many age-related diseases and, on the contrary, launching an active renewal of organs and tissues.

Stopping the epigenetic clock

This is what they callFirst hint that body’s ‘biological age’ can be reversed / Nature attempt to fix biological age a person at one point, or even completely turn back.

Ridding the body of aging cells

For these purposes, are being developedSend in the senolytics / Nature special medicines - senolytics. They will need to recognize and destroy dying cells in order to slow down aging.

Growing new organs in the laboratory

One of the most promising biotechnologies. Artificially created organs are supposed to be implanted instead of aging natural ones.

Using nanobots

Tiny mechanisms will be able to stitch up wounds with perfect precision, remove tumors and repair damaged tissue.