What is home schooling and how it go
Tips Educational Program / / December 19, 2019
Lessons changes, homework, stern voice teacher. It is difficult to imagine school years without it.
But today's parents are increasingly choosing autskuling or training outside the school walls. Official home teaching statistics is not conducted in Russian. According to various sources, at home learn to 8Myths about home schooling. What you need to know about the family education to 100In Russia, about 100 000 pupils switched to distance learning thousands of children. And they are becoming more and more every year.
What is home schooling
According to Federal LawForms of education and forms of learning, You can learn in an organization that is in school: full-time, distance learning and part-time. And outside the institution: in the form of family education and self.
Between these groups there is a fundamental difference. When a child is educated in the organization - whether full-time or part-time form, the school bears the responsibility for it with their parents. And if you choose outside the facility, all of the obligations borne only on the family.
The term "home schooling" brings together all the forms in which the child is at least part-time learning outside of school.
distance learning
The child does not go to an institution and engaged on their own - with the help of online resources or private tutors. However, he of the school pupil. So, you need to scrupulously follow the curriculum, you can not change the program developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational StandardsFederal state educational standardsOr skip a grade. And textbooks is better to choose the ones that provided the library. Certifications are on schedule, school, or remotely.
Some confuse the correspondence course with its shape - distance education.
In the first case, a child learns in the home and the school monitors and directs it. Second to him will be free to engage in school the teacher- for example, via Skype. This is possible only if a student is seriously ill or can not physically attend classes.
Part-time training
The child comes to only a portion of lessons on the choice of the parents, and the rest of the time engaged in the house. To make it an individual training plan, involving, for example, going to school three days a week, or the presence of only the lessons of the Russian language and mathematics. Certifications need to take place in the classroom, along with other children.
If the child is seriously ill, the teacher can sometimes visit it yourself. This option is called home-based training, but rarely practiced and is not considered as a separate form of education.
Family education
The family does not drive the child to school and learn it on their own. Program chosen by parents. They are free to decide on how textbooks and online resources will be engaged in a child can record it into an educational center or in an alternative school (Montessori, Waldorf, and so on) or hire tutors. However, the benefits, such as travel, the student loses. Certification can take place in person - at school - or remotely.
A variety of family education can be regarded as unschooling.
In this form of training the child is not attached to the school and the program should not even prepared parents. He reads books that are interesting to him, exploring the world, engaged in creative work. In Russia, when choosing this form is likely to have difficulty - general education (nine classes) we necessarilyArticle 66. Primary general, basic general and secondary education.
The wording in the law rather vague, and in theory allow to be engaged under the program, and teachers only appear to pass the OGE. But in practice, families are not attached to the school children, may be interested in the guardianship. In addition, these students is difficult to pass the final examination.
self-education
Child learning itself, without the participation of the school or parents. The decision to move to this form of training, he also takes on their own, after the 9th grade.
To suitable home schooling
Reasons to choose home schooling can be very much. Here are some of them:
- Pupil behind the program or, on the contrary, much ahead of her.
- He had difficulty in communicating with peers. Or is he just a shy introvert, which is much more comfortable to learn one.
- The child survived persecution and he does not want to go back to school.
- He is professionally engaged in sports or creativity - in films, rides and competitions, and so on.
- Pupil lives where there are no schools.
- The family travels a lot and does not stay long in one place.
- Parents have their own vision of how and what the child needs to learn. And it does not coincide with the school's position.
Who is better not to move to home schooling
Home schooling may seem idyllic. But in fact, this format does not fit all. Here are some reasons to abstain from it:
- The child needs daily with peers, at home bored, it does not tolerate isolation.
- The student is very unorganized and without a permanent hard control quickly relaxes and refuses to do anything.
- Both parents work long hours, they have no time to deal with a child - because when all family education teacher functions they will have to take over. Unless, of course, they are not willing to pay a large sum for the alternative school or private lessons.
- The family did not have the strength, patience and teaching skills to build the educational process at home.
- Parents have financial difficulties. Home schooling is more expensive than school, especially when talking about family education.
- The child is not the right conditions to learn outside of school. For example, a small living space, a lot of brothers and sisters of different ages, the house is noisy and restless.
How to switch to part-time or Part-time training
1. Inform the school administration
You need to write an application to transfer the child to the correspondence or part-time course of study.
It is better to do it before the start of the school year - that the director had to prepare, amend the statement, inform your decision Department education. Unfortunately, the time students are glad not everywhere. For institutions, this means additional difficulties, because if the student does not pass the certification, teachers and principals will have to answer.
LawArticle 17. Forms of education and forms of learning on the side of the parents - they can choose any form of training. But many families prefer not to enter into conflict and to transfer the child to a school that belongs to the time students loyal.
2. Study program
Get in the school curriculum and textbooks, train the child at home, without departing from the program. If you have selected part-time form of the items being developed at school. All this is necessary to discuss with the administration.
3. Hand over certification
In theory, this can be done remotely, but in practice most schools does not provide such an opportunity. A list of organizations, which still allowed to write control works and tests at home, have to portal alternative education and in the magazine "Family education"As well as in thematic parent community.
How to go on family education
1. Evaluate the possibility of
Education of the child home - a big responsibility.
Will have to fully assume the role of methodologist, director, school cook and psychologist.
And maybe the teacher. However, at the same time to teach mathematics, chemistry and English very few people under force, so that some parents are looking for tutors, turn to alternative or private schools. for services prices start from a few thousand rubles a month, and tend to infinity, so that it can afford not everyone.
Many believe that the parents of children enrolled in the form of family education should provide a monthly financial compensation. But pay it only in four regions of the Russian Federation: Omsk regionOn approval of the compensation in the preparation of a child of the general education in the form of family education (as amended on July 16, 2018), Perm KraiOn approval of compensation costs to parents (legal representatives) to studying the initial general, basic general, secondary education in the form of family formation in Perm region (modified 21 November 2018 of the year), Sverdlovsk RegionOn Amending Resolution of the Government of Sverdlovsk region from 10/7/2013 number 873-PP "On approval Order financing costs associated with the development of the general education program in the form of family education ยป, Tula RegionApproval of the terms, manner and amount for costs parents (legal representatives) to receive Educational Primary general, basic general, secondary general education in the form of family education (as amended on: 26.10.2016).
Therefore, before the transfer of the child to family form of training, you need to weigh the pros and cons and carefully plan budget.
2. Learn your rights
This is useful if the school administration will oppose the transfer of the child to family education or refuse to accept his certification.
Carefully read the Federal LawFederal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" dated 29.12.2012 number 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation." Pay particular attention to articles 17, 33, 34, 58 and 63. Also, no harm will be familiar with a letterRF Ministry of Education letter number HT-1139/08 dated 15.11.2013, the "On the organization of education in the form of a family" Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation "On the organization of education in the form of family" and with regional regulations on family education, in every field they own.
3. Inform the State of their choice
Free-form write a statement about what you want to transfer the child to family education. Paper, you need to provideArticle 63. general education in local authority municipal or city district.
4. Select a school for attachment
Perhaps at this stage will have to be found for the child's new school, even private - if you continue to refuse to meet, does not help, he insists on a hard schedule appraisals and personal presence learner.
CanArticle 44. Rights, obligations and responsibilities in the sphere of education of the parents (legal representatives) juvenile students choose any school - not necessarily in your neighborhood or even city.
To be attached to the school, you need to contact the property to write an application and submit the required documents:
- a birth certificate or passport of the child;
- passport of a parent or legal representative;
- certificate of registration of the child's place of residence - if it is under 14 years of age;
- SNILS child.
5. Make a study plan
In some cases, the school can help in this, but most parents have to do everything yourself.
In addition, at this stage, you need to decide how you see a child learning. How much time he can devote to studies, whether to take courses at a time, or blocks? Do you stand up for a rigorous approach or a more creative? Based on this and the need to make a program.
6. Teach the child at home
Follow programming, adjust it, depending on family circumstances, needs, mood and status child health. If necessary, contact your tutors, private schools and educational centers.
7. Hand over certification
According to lawRF Ministry of Education letter number HT-1139/08 dated 15.11.2013, the "On the organization of education in the form of a family" student is not required to pass an interim certification to the 9th grade, but are entitled to it. However, many parents, as well as family education centers, according to the tests still need - to assess the child's knowledge and control of the learning process.
Certification can be taken internally or remotely - it depends on the school.
In the first case, the student writes the test papers in the presence of a teacher. In the second process is carried out in different ways. Some private schools have their own platform, where the child can pass the online tests. Or teacher will give the taskYou want to perform in front of the house enabled camera.
Certification is conducted once or twice a year - will decide how the school and parents. If the student has mastered the program faster, you can take all the items before.
8. Take care of socialization
One of the main arguments of the opponents of home education - is that the child will be isolated and will not receive the necessary communication with peers. The argument is partly true: the student does not go to classes, communicates only with parents and tutors. But there are a number of nuances.
For example, in traditional schools, children are not alwaysTeens Are Over Face-to-Face Communication, Study Says a lot of play and talk, especially with the advent of smart phones. In addition, the need to communicate at all different. Someone ready to chat all day, and the other, after studying for six lessons surrounded by 30 classmates, feels absolutely devastated.
Contact is possible and necessary, not only in school.
Nobody canceled mug section, children's camps, Clubs, creative and sports teams. Think about where you can take the child and how to fit additional classes in its schedule.
How to switch to self
As we said above, this can be done only after the 9th grade. To do this, the child must independently write an application addressed to the school principal.
Then the student develops the program of the 10th and 11th grades in a format convenient for him - Attach to an alternative institution or independently. And at the end of the intermediate passes certification in 11 th grade, receives a certificate of completion of secondary school and rents USE.
Where to find information about home schooling
Earlier Russian parents who are thinking about transferring children for home schooling, remained alone with questions and problems. But over time, there were many resources where you can find information support and materials for activities with a child, as well as learn about the experiences of other families or to share their own.
- Support Family Education Center conducts webinars on alternative education, advises parents to help with certification and curriculum development.
- Magazine "Family education" writes about the theory and practice of non-formal acquisition of knowledge in Russia, conducts free educational festival.
- Association of Family Education (APCO) advises parents, holds conferences, festivals and webinars. Also on the site you can find information about alternative learning.
- ยซClub support family education"(A group in Facebook) - a platform for exchange of experience and online communication. In addition, there are organized offline meetings, joint walking and trips to museums.
- ยซHome schooling"(A group of" VKontakte ") - an online chat, articles about non-formal education, a selection of useful resources.
- Russian e-school - a full school lessons course. Free State Project.
- InternetUrok - Free video tutorials on basic school subjects for the 1-11 th grades.
see also๐จโ๐ฉโ๐งโ๐ฆ๐๐
- How to rid your child of the shortcomings of the modern school
- 6 reasons why homework is useless and even harmful
- How to develop the attention of younger students
- 7 lectures capable of altering the customary approach to the formation of
- Why is not necessary and is very harmful to give the child to our school