How to teach your child to say the letter 'p'
Tips Educational Program / / December 19, 2019
Of all children learn the sounds "p" last year to five or six. If your child is less, not rush things. If a little more - do not panic. Let's calm see, what's wrong with this letter, and what are the ways to cope with it.
Why it is difficult to growl
Sound "p" is considered one of the more difficult to play. To pronounce it correctly, you need to:
- lift the tip of the tongue to the upper teeth - thus it must remain flattened as pancake, not taper off voltage;
- exhale send on the tip of a powerful air stream so as to create vibration.
For such manipulations child needs developed speech apparatus, strong root of the tongue and bridle. Normally, all this is formed to six years.
What prevents pronounce the letter "r" correctly
Even with a mouth prepared tools preschoolers manage to distort the sound of the ill-fated. And there are several reasons.
1. Short hyoid ligament
Also, it is called the frenulum. It prevents free to move the tongue and lift it up. Most often the problem reveal more in the hospital. If the hyoid ligament does not allow the baby to suckle properly, it pruned. In later life the bridle, as a rule, is stretched with the help of speech therapy exercises.
2. Violation of phonemic hearing
Phonemic hearing is the ability to perceive and reproduce the sounds of speech. Normally the baby is three years captures the difference between similar sounds - even if he does not know how to pronounce them.
Sometimes the development of phonemic hearing is delayed due to the transferred otitis adenoids or other health problems. As a result of disrupted sound analysis and synthesis: a child not hear sound skips it in speech or replaced by another.
3. Improper speech breathing
For correct pronunciation must be able to control your breath. Not all children, it turns out: one during inhalation raises shoulders, others are breathing too superficially and irregularly, or not able to distribute the breath for words.
4. over bite
When properly bite the upper front teeth cover approximately the lower third of the remaining interlock with each other. But if you bite too deep, upper close lower by more than half. To achieve the correct position of the language with the emphasis becomes harder for upper teeth.
How to distort the letter "p"
On specialized resourcesrhotacism The following describes the basic options distortion "p", or scientifically rhotacism:
- Burr or guttural "r". Not vibrate tip of the tongue and soft palate. This pronunciation is normal for French and German, but not for the Russian language.
- Lateral "p". Language one side is pressed against the upper teeth, the second party hangs down, and the tip does not vibrate. The result is something similar to the "rl".
- Single-impact "p". Instead of vibrate, once the tip of the tongue strikes against the hard palate, forming a kind of English r.
- Bow "p". On the exhale, the air flow is not through the mouth and through the nose. In addition, the tip of the tongue is pulled back and is not involved in articulation. The phrase "Roma, open the door!" Will turn into "Ngoma, otkngoy dvengi!".
- Kuchersky "p". Once again, the vibration is not where you want, namely contiguous lips. Kid It publishes something like "whoa."
- Pararotatsizm, or replacing "p" another sound. Instead of "child" you hear "lebonok", "gebonok", "vebonok", "yaebonok" or even "yebonok".
- Missing 'r'. The kid just avoids complications. She says do not "fish" and "yba", not "pleased" and "hell", not "Thunder" and "by God."
What exercises you can do at home
To establish the exact cause of rhotacism and determine how to deal with it in your particular case - a problem for a speech therapist. But if your child does not yet have six or due to certain circumstances, to visit specialist still can not, you can try to rein in the "P" on their own. To do this, perform all three conditions.
- Have patience. The process is unlikely to be a quick and easy results. You may take months of daily sessions.
- Prepare a place. Speech therapy exercises to perform better sitting together in front of a large mirror. Baby you must clearly see the movement of the mouth - yours and his. As a variant, located opposite each other, but then your student should be a great tabletop mirror.
- tune in to game. Although the development of the "p" - is a serious matter, better to hold classes in the form of a game. Let your child perceives them as an excuse to have fun with mom or dad, and not as heavy and tedious obligation. In any case, training should take no more than 10-15 minutes a day, and then only intermittently.
And now proceed directly to the exercises.
articulation exercises
To start the lessons you need to warm up the vocal apparatus. These exercises will warm the muscles, strengthen the language and help stretch the hyoid bridle.
1. Swing
Wide open mouth and tongue chatter up and down, touching the upper, then the lower teeth. Then delay the tip at the upper teeth for 15-20 seconds.
2. Cuckoo
Mouth still wide open. Protrude her tongue and touches them to the upper lip, and then hide behind the upper teeth.
3. Painter
Introducing that language - a broad brush, and thoroughly "paint" their teeth, cheeks, upper palate.
4. horse
Clicking the language on the upper palate, like horse hooves clatter.
4. treat
Licks tongue lips flattened in a clockwise and counterclockwise.
5. Kitten
We imagine that on a saucer is a treat - jam or ice cream. Now you need to stick his tongue as far as possible and lick the treat so that the language is not folded into a tube, and remained sprawled.
6. Harmonic
We lift up the language and the "glue" of his tip to the palate. Now, keeping the language, open and close the mouth.
7. Hammer
Stretch your mouth into a smile and knock the tip of the tongue to the base of the front teeth as if to hammer nails.
Exercises for the staging of sound "p"
To correctly pronounce the "r", to start with other sounds.
1. Drum
widely open mouth and hit the tip of the tongue behind the upper teeth, uttering the sound "e". Slowly at first, then - faster. And there are already and before the "p" near.
2. Hummer
We pronounce the sound "g" and constantly pulls his tongue deep into his mouth. Over time, "g" will go into slabovibriruyuschy "p".
3. snake
Several times we repeat the sound "s-s-s', and then to swallow and touch the tip of the tongue palate.
4. Turkey
Protrudes a tongue and perform movements back and forth, slipping the tip of solid palate. At a time when the tongue touches the alveoli - cusps of the upper teeth, it turns single-impact "p".
5. midge
Widely open mouth, tongue lift up and rests it in the alveoli. Now 10-15 seconds vigorously hum as mosquito.
6. motor
Put a finger under the tongue or a cotton swab and vigorously drive back and forth, while performing the exercise "midge".
Securing result
When the sound itself is already prepared, it is necessary to bring it to the pronunciation of automatism. To do this, after the articulation exercises instead of exercise to stage perform complex to consolidate skills.
- Several times loudly and clearly pronounce the letter "r".
- Fulfills the "p" consonant sounds through "d" and "r":. "Core-core-Drew ',' tra-tro-rub"
- Remove the supports "e" and "t" and we work with the "pa-ro-ru".
- Proceed to reflux syllables "ar-ur-op", and also to the position "p" between vowels - "yell-ara-bang." Repeat these combinations in different combinations every day, as long as the child does not get to say "p" with vibration. Only then it is possible to practice with words.
- First, we fulfill the words that begin with "p" or even a "tr" and "others" (grass, wood, throne, drone trap, drape, hand, river, shirt). Then we undertake nouns, where "p" is in the middle or at the end (cow, nice carpet, fence, ax).
- Connecting the supply and poems Tongue Twisters with the letter "p".
When you take the child to a speech therapist
It is desirable to do so before the kid goes to school. Otherwise, the problem with the pronunciation or the perception of "p" can affect learning or with peers.
How long is the correction? Everything is very individual: one missing three or four sessions with a specialist, while others need months of regular training at home under the supervision of a speech therapist. In any case, an adult voice error correction process will require much more time and effort than in 6-7 years.
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