115 rules of used car selection
Tips / / December 19, 2019
Aleksandr Dolgikh
Car blogger, journalist and writer. Book author "secrets Shrink».
First thing
1. Pinpoint your budget. There should be a specific amount that you are willing to spend on a car. No bands such as 400-450 thousand should not be. You know exactly how much money you have.
2. Leave 15% of this amount for the repair, maintenance and other expenses. Do not think that you will find the car, which will not have to invest. This does not happen. Leave 15% and sleep soundly.
3. Decide for yourself 2-3 model, which will keep track of the ad sites. So you simplify your life and be able to learn their sores, and the whole story.
4. Choose only those cars that you pull service. Four-year "Lada" and 15-year-old "Mercedes" are the same, but the service is "Mercedes" will be about 2-2.5 times more expensive.
5. Define a list of options that should be exactly. Wording such as "equipment like richer as possible" will not work.
6. Limit yourself to the year of manufacture and mileage, with which you can live. Just do not underestimate the desired mileage. Set the border, based on the calculation that for the year the average car travels 20,000 km.
7. The more clearly you will understand what kind of car you want (with some engine, gearbox and complete set), the easier it will be to look for.
8. Determine the average market value of the car, which is looking for. You can find it on your own, you can use built-in features on popular sites ads.
9. Examine the model you're looking for, forums and social networks such as Drive2.
10. Before you search for the car, prepare for it the whole amount in cash. Whatever happens so that you have found a suitable car, and the money still to be ordered or removed through ATMs.
Search ads
11. Follow models you are interested in the applications of free classified ads and call as soon as people put ads.
12. Most good cars at good prices to buy just a few hours, maximum - days, so do not brake, do not delay and call the meeting to the evening or the weekend.
13. Do not get fooled by ads with obviously low price. No one in their right mind would sell cars too cheaply. People who urgently need money, sell the car through an intermediary organization or the type of "Redemption your car fast and expensive."
14. Install the computer free browser extension allows to determine how many machines have already been realized by the seller.
15. Never move anyone money as a deposit without a receipt.
16. Do not waste your time on ads that are so many views they feykovye.
17. Do not pay attention to the ads with a very poor description and a few photos.
18. Look in the first place private ads. In a similar car dealers will almost always be more expensive, and sometimes even in the worst condition.
19. Remember that even the showrooms of official dealers as if nothing had happened sell broken car.
Although dealers discord among 'officials, too, there are those who vparivaet and does not sell.
20. "Gray" showrooms often conduct fraud with the contracts, so re-read each page, when you bring the document to be signed.
21. Remember that credit hour does not happen. At least, with normal conditions.
22. Buy a car at the reseller can only be as a last resort if no other options and is not expected.
23. If the car sells woman guard. Most likely, it is the operator call center of "gray" car dealership, which pretends to private owners.
24. Machine with a clean engine and the engine compartment should be checked with a double addiction. Engine wash either through ignorance, or to hide any traces and smudges.
25. Take a look at the venue in the ad. Private traders usually indicate the area or street dealers - only the city.
26. The car in the photos have to be traces of life, because, as a rule, private owners drive their car until sold.
27. Keep an eye to detail. Tags on keys, special mats, ochernonnye tires give car dealers and resellers.
vehicle inspection
28. Always ask for the phone as much as possible a lot of questions.
29. Ask not common things, and concrete. For example, when was the last checkup, where it was held that changed and so on.
30. Memorize or write down the answers. They need to remember when it comes to inspection.
31. Title must be original if the car is less than eight years. Why - is another story. Just remember this rule, so as not to risk it.
32. Sell the car must be one who is listed as the owner of the TCP. Not the godfather, not his brother, not the matchmaker. In an extreme case, the car can sell his wife's husband. Then check the stamp in the passport.
33. Check the VIN on the car and in the PTN. Required. Many people forget to do this banal check, thinking that no one will go to such blatant and obvious fraud.
34. Ask the seller is the same as that asked by phone, and compare answers.
Body
35. If you can, take in rent thickness and look on the internet LKP thickness standards for a particular model.
36. Check the paint thickness in at least five places on each part. That is, the door must be measured at least in the center and four corners. The more check points, the better.
37. Check paint thickness on the roof and in the doorways for the door pillars.
38. If you can, take in rent for electronics diagnostic tool. If you can not, do not worry: with them still need to understand.
39. Do not buy a car with a thickness of more than LCP 1000 microns on the body, and more than 400 microns in the power of the body elements (struts, spars, and so on).
40. Compare colors and color values at adjacent bodywork elements.
41. See whether the paint smudges.
42. Check if there is dust in nail and hair inclusions.
43. See if there is paint on moldings, chrome parts, seals.
44. Note the shagreen (uneven coating, like ripples on the water) on the adjacent parts. Reflection must be equal.
45. See if there are any "spiders" on the body and rust lesions. "Spiders" - a subtle cracked paint.
46. Inspect the rapids. Often tonal transitions when painting make it, make it invisible.
47. Bend the seal, look no different whether the tone paint there.
48. Look at the gaps, they must be identical on the left and the right.
49. Inspect the machine in good daylight, preferably in a cloudy weather, from different angles. Any small dents or scratches - an occasion for bargaining.
50. Inspect the paint finish of the machine very carefully at each item. Mikrokratory - deepening of no more than a millimeter in the paint or lacquer - say that the car painted.
51. The gaps should be uniform along the entire length. Unless it is an old VAZ "six".
52. Check the label and the release date of each glass.
53. Look, there are joined to each other vyshtampovki and moldings on different details. Often they are very difficult to adjust after removing parts.
54. Look at the bumper. It must not protrude beyond the bodywork.
55. Look at the headlights and foglights. They should have the same markings, and they should be equally clouded by time.
56. Look under the mat in the trunk.
Under the rug may be traces of paint or damage. There they were usually no masks.
57. The spare wheel should be no water and mold.
58. Look at the welds and spot weld. They should be on both sides of symmetrical and identical.
59. Pay attention to tire wear. They should be worn evenly.
60. Look at the spars. They should not have folds, traces of paint, mastic and something else. (If you do not know what spars, see pictures on the Internet - it will be a thousand times clearer than verbal explanation.)
61. Hood space should not be washed, but should be no smudges - only traces of normal use.
62. See if the paint knocked the door bolt, hood, liftgate.
63. Check to see if the same bolts everywhere.
64. Look for the stripped paint in the doorway. If so, check to see if similar marks on the door. If so, then the door rubs against the threshold - it's bad. If not - it is a scratch on the heels and handbags, all right.
65. Pay attention to the fuel tank flap - paint with bolts must not be knocked down. The fact that it was his most often used for the selection of the paint in the repair of the car.
66. Check the shock absorbers by clicking on the machine at each corner, so she swung. There must be only one swing up and down, otherwise the shock absorbers have to change, and it is almost always expensive.
Salon
67. Look at how worn steering wheel, pedals, gearshift lever and armrest. This will give you an idea of the real mileage cars. And although different machines wear may be different, with practice, you can become an expert in this matter.
68. If the steering wheel in a case, remove it to assess the real state.
69. Smell. The cabin should not smell of damp or mold.
There should not be any sort of foreign odors.
70. Alert, if reek flavor. Most likely, the seller wants to mask some other odor.
71. Check under the seat upholstery. It should be dry and should not crumble.
72. Lift the mats in the cabin. On the carpet and under the seat should not be divorces.
73. Look, if there is a dent under the mat from the heel of the right foot. If so, run far beyond the 200 000 km.
74. Check that the door locks work. If not, run for 200,000 km.
75. Look at the ceiling upholstery. It should not be blistered.
76. The front panel should be no gaps.
77. Look at the safety belts. They must be plastic restraints plaques, which is inserted into the lock. If not, most likely, the car was in an accident.
78. Check the air conditioner. It is best for coaxial metal tubes coming from the engine compartment to the interior (one must be cold, hot another), but can simply turning the air conditioner on maximum revolutions and the minimum temperature.
79. Check whether all lit warning lights on the instrument panel when the ignition is switched on.
80. Bulb of pressure of oil and the airbag should go out separately.
81. After the engine starts, all the indicator lamps should go out (except for the parking brake if it is tightened).
Test Drive
82. Check the oil. The level should be between the "minimum" and "maximum". Oil should not be black (especially if gasoline engine).
83. Oil should not smell of burning, there should be no foreign particles, plaque debris.
84. Start the car. From the exhaust pipe does not go to the dense smoke of any color.
85. If the machine is on the mechanics, check the clutch. If it is grasped at once - good. - if not, the clutch will have to change soon, and this additional spending and a reason to trade.
86. The gaming machine should not be jerks and pull is enough when switching boxes P to R or R to D and back.
87. There should be no jerks when you switch on the move all the way down to the gas pedal.
88. The car should not sidetrack the motion.
89. The steering wheel should stand straight when the car goes straight.
90. Turn off the music and listen to the sounds. Any sound in the head lock, then describe it to a professional.
91. Brake sharply. The steering wheel should not beat at the same time, may turn out to test ABS operation.
Before the purchase
92. All other sounds that are heard during the test drive, tell the master on arrival to the service before you buy. You should check the suspension, and to say how it all seriously. You will have at least an excuse to bargain with the seller.
93. If you did not make the diagnosis electronics themselves, check it in the nearest service station.
94. Trade only reason.
95. Check the machine for site traffic.
96. Check the car online Federal Bailiff Service.
97. Check the car online Avtokod.mos.ruWhen you are buying a car in the Moscow region.
98. Check the car on the basis of Federal Notary Chamber.
99. Make the sales contract can be in written form one handle and one hand. Indicate where you need the passport data of the buyer and seller, and all data from the PTS. No further legal effect and guarantees the purity of the transaction contract of sale drawn up by intermediaries, has not.
100. Specify the date and time of the transaction in the sales contract. This will save you from paying fines of the previous owner.
101. Clearly prescribe cost of the car and the amount transferred to the seller. If anything, it was her will be returned through the courts.
102. Prescribed a clause stating that the car was not at the time of the contract is sold to someone else for He has no right to the property someone else, the car is not incorporated, not arrested and is not subject to spore.
103. There should be three copies of the contract (for you, for the seller and for the traffic).
104. Make changes to TCP only need one handle and one hand.
105. Together with TCP and DCP seller should you pass two sets of keys, including the signaling and protivougonki, STS, diagnostic card.
106. If you give money to the seller, and he suddenly asks you to terminate the contract and return the money, check the money in the bank. Often not give back your money and fake.
107. To put a car on the account need a PTS, a passport, an old CCC, new insurance and receipt of payment of registration fee. By default, the old numbers transferred to the new owner.
108. Re-register the car itself is necessary within ten days, otherwise there will be problems.
109. Better to take a seller with the traffic police.
110. Make sure that in the DCP and TCP passport was one and the same person.
111. Do not put your signature in the PTS, which already bears the signature of the former owner. You may experience problems with registration.
112. Believe only what to check for yourself, do not trust the sellers.
113. Do not buy a car from a friend, relative, acquaintance without checking. It may just not be aware of all the problems, and then you quarrel and stop to chat.
114. If you have a friend who understands the machines, not cost blindly trust him. Give it at least those rules or check themselves in parallel.
115. Driven into a service for checking only need a car that suits all other parameters. It makes no sense to spend money on each machine diagnostics. Usually, you just check the car, which in the end and buy. Well, for one or more.
Good luck in finding!