How to ensure their old age and to live not only for retirement

1. Calculate how much money you need for a comfortable life

Thought to set aside money for retirement already ceased to seem stupid, look at these numbers.

According toIndexation of pensions in 2018 Pension Fund, in 2018 the average pension in Russia amounted to little more than 14 thousand rubles. Pensioners without seniority - about 8000.

according to the forecastDemographic forecast until 2035 Rosstat to 2035, the average life expectancy in our country will be from 74 to 82 years and will continue to grow. Now Russian men retire at 60 and women - 55. Since 2019 the government plans to increase the retirement age in steps to 2028, men retire at 65 years of age, and women in 2034 - 63.

This means that after retirement you will need to live on their means another 20 years. Benefits from the state is unlikely to be enough to ensure that these years were comfortable. It makes sense to take care of a comfortable old age now, when you are young and able-bodied.

To understand how much you need to save, evaluate your monthly expenses for food, rent, transportation, medical care and recreation. Calculate the approximate amount that you need to set aside now to old age to spend as much. Throw a 10% excess of this amount -

Example: You are now 25 years old. You retire at 60, and the state will pay you 14 thousand rubles. For a comfortable life, you need a minimum of 30 thousand rubles per month, ie by 16 thousand more. During the year, the difference will result in a 192 thousand, which means that at 20 years of retirement you need to 3.84 million rubles extra. In order to collect this amount, you have 35 years. This means you need to set aside 109 thousand every year or 9100 rubles per month.

The later you start to put off, the more should be a monthly fee in favor of the pension.

• 30 years 128 000 per year 10 600 per month.
• 35 153 600 rubles per year, 12,800 per month.
• 40 years 192 000 per year 16 000 per month.
• 45 years 256 000 per year 21 300 per month.

To savings do not lie dead weight to old age, and generate passive income, you need to properly dispose of them. Come on 3 October free lecture "How to make money for retirement." Financial Advisor Natalia Smirnova teach wisely to save money and share the tools to increase revenue.

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2. Invest in yourself

Early in his career better to spend money on self-development and education in order to raise its value as a specialist, and after put off part of the budget to the pension reserve.

Investing in yourself will pay off

• Learning foreign languages. Do not skimp on language courses and participate in internships abroad. Employees with knowledge of English areAs knowledge of English affects the salary up to 20 thousand rubles more, depending on the level. Second foreign language increases As knowledge of foreign languages ​​influences the salary expectations salary for another 8-48%.
• Development of new professions. Watch as changing market and improve their skills in specialized courses. For example, if you are a financier, learn kriptovalyutnye markets and become a specialist in working with blokcheynom: according to recent studiesGlobal Blockchain Benchmarking Study, Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance57% of large banks around the world have carried out transactions on this technology.
• Increasing personal effectiveness. Work on the skills that will make you the most productive time management, speed reading, personal finance management. It is not taught at the university, so do not skimp on professional literature, workshops and lectures in these areas.

3. Do not keep money under the mattress

To accumulate and make a profit, put it in the bank at interest. the amount of income will depend on the interest rate. Russian banks are now willing to pay 4-7% per annum on average. The rate depends on the amount and term of the deposit: the smaller savings and the shorter term, the lower the percentage of the profit.

All deposits up to 1.4 million rubles insured by the state. A large amount of better divided into several deposits and place in different banks.

Example: You have a 500 000 rubles, and you open a deposit at 5% per annum. A year later, he will bring you 25 000 rubles.

Additional 2000 per month will not make you an oligarch, but will reduce the impact of inflation. In addition, you do not store money in a sock, gradually taking them on unnecessary things. Do not forget to check the current interest rates on deposits and time shift funds to more profitable deposits. The site "financial culture" has a handy calculator for the calculation of interest on the deposit. He can compare the return on investment in different banks.

4. Invest

The simplest types of investments - is to lend money to the company or to the State and then repay the loan with interest or to buy a stake in the business and receive their portion of the proceeds. Choose the most predictable and consistent options rather than mountains of gold potential: if the company in which you are invested, go bankrupt, the money will not return. The risk is less likely when investing in government bonds, preference shares and units of investment funds with high ratings.

Bond - IOU state or company. Buying a bond, you give a loan a certain amount, which is within the set time back with interest. The most reliable debt securities of Russian Ministry of Finance releases - they are called the Federal loan bonds (OFZ).

Example: You buy a BFL nominal value of 1 000 rubles for a period of three years and a yield of 8.5% per annum. Three years later, each bond will bring you about 255 rubles. OFZ investment in the size of 100 000 rubles will turn into 125 000.

Stock - security, which makes you a part owner of the company. By purchasing even a tiny fraction of the company, you are entitled to part of its profits - dividends. Note the preferred shares: they provide almost guaranteed a fixed income.

Example: you have purchased 1000 shares of the company, where the preferred share dividend is 12 rubles. During the year, you will receive 12,000 rubles of dividends.

Unit Investment Fund (UIF) - you transfer money to the company, but it invests it in the best way, together with attachments to other members of the mutual fund. Investing can be a little bit, even 1000 rubles. Pay attention to the company's credit rating: the letter "A" indicates a high level of reliability, "B" - the average, "C" - the company on the verge of bankruptcy.

Example: The yield mutual fund, whose management company is rated A ++, is 13.25% for the year. You put 50 000 rubles, and a year later take away 56 625 rubles.

5. Get on his work

Books, movies, pictures, games and other intelligent products brought to its creator royalties for use of - royalty. If you write a collection of stories will be in demand, you can receive income from it throughout their lives. The main thing - right to patent the invention or to consolidate the authorship, and then on their own or through an agent to sell their achievements. The simplest example - photo stock. Upload your photos at the drains, you will be able to sell them countless times.

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