6 incredible tricks the brain, which hide the imperfection of our sight
A Life / / December 19, 2019
1. blackout
What it is
The peculiarity of our vision - its discreteness (discontinuity). The reason for that - the saccade. This micro-movements of the eyeball perpetrated simultaneously in the same direction. During which the person goes blind - could not see anything. Sight like pauses.
We do not notice that vision is discrete, since our brain itself fills in the gaps. He dorisovyvaet picture fills the missing pieces, fantasizes.
Saccade need to continually on slightly change the angle of view. We can see by the fact that changes the brightness of the objects surrounding us.
How it manifests itself
Our eyes constantly scan the surrounding area, looking for what you can catch. This should be something contrast - bright spot, projection parts. That is why be nice to woodsWhere a lot of contrast, consider interesting in terms of architectural objects, a variety of elements.
But the monotony, uniformity, lack of elements for which one could catch the eye, seems boring.
Fyodor Dostoyevsky's "The Idiot"You know, I do not understand how you can pass by the tree and not be happy that you see it?
2. prolixity time
What it is
Saccades have an interesting effect. After them, we can feel slowdown time. This phenomenon is called hronostazis.
How it manifests itself
If you look at the second hand of the analog clock, jumps from division to division, the first of its movement will seem slower than the next. This is because the brain is just "retarding" after the saccade. The illusion of stretching of time.
The experiment related to the perception of time, American scientists conducted a Stetson Chess (Chess Stetson) and David Iglmen (David Eagleman). They were given to participants Wrist displays with large numbers constantly changing. At low frequencies they can be easily distinguished. And when the rate change increased, the figures merge into a uniform background
Scientists have tried to prove that if a person is under stress, it will start again to see some figures. According to their hypothesis, the brain perceives different time in critical situations. The subjects jumped from a height of 31 meters on the safety net. Experience is not a success, however, is likely to stress was not as strong as required: people knew that at the bottom of the insurance and they will remain unharmed.
3. Hidden blind spots
What it is
The human eye has a blind spot - an area on the retina, insensitive to light. At this point, there is no light receptors due to the structural features of our visual organ. But we do not notice, because the brain deceives us.
How it manifests itself
When we look with both eyes, the blind spot visible. The same, if you close one eye. In this case, the brain "loads" image, which he takes with the other eye.
But find the blind spot still possible. Use this picture:
- Close your right eye and left eye see the right cross, circled column.
- Without blinking, zoom in and face to the monitor.
- Peripheral vision, watch out for a left cross, without taking a look at him.
- At some point, the left cross disappears.
4. Different color perception
What it is
Central and peripheral vision perceive colors differently. The thing is that in the eyes there are two types of light-sensitive cells - the cones (they better distinguish colors) and rods (they have higher sensitivity). Place of maximum accumulation of cones - the center of the eye. Sticks more on the periphery.
Hence the feature of our of view. Peripheral vision allows you to see in twilight and darkness. It better captures the bright, contrasting colors, such as black or red. But other shades perceives worse.
How it manifests itself
Despite the difference of the central and peripheral vision, we see the whole picture. The resulting image gives rise to the brain, which is think up, design it from the existing data. And not the fact that he does not make mistakes and does not distort reality.
5. particular perception
What it is
It is a psychological theory that we perceive the environment and events in it in terms of their ability to act. And it creates interesting visual illusions.
How it manifests itself
Tennis players feel that the ball moves slower, if they successfully beat off it. If a person needs to catch the ball, it will seem to him more. The mountains look cooler if you're going to go upstairs with a heavy backpack.
Visual perception affects speed, shape, size of objects, and actions: impact, interception, throwing and so on. All this helps to survive. And if you want to see what it looks like an object in reality, use the camera.
6. inverted vision
What it is
In fact, the image falls on the retina of the eye in an inverted form. The cornea and lens - a collective lens, which, according to the laws of physics, turn things upside down. The information enters the brain, and he handles it and adapt - that we see the world as it is.
How it manifests itself
There is a simple but illustrative method. Push down with your finger on the outer edge of the lower eyelid of the right eye. In the upper left corner you will see a spot. It is a real, inverted image of your finger - as it is perceived by the eye.
The brain is able to adapt our vision. In 1896, the University of California Dr. George Stratton invertoskop created that turns the image of the surrounding world. Whoever wore this device, saw things as they fall on the retina.
Stratton found that if you wear invertoskop for several days, the visual system adapts to the world upside down, confusion is reduced. Thus it is possible to train A method for training the spatial abilities of the person spatial abilities.
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- Righties and lefties: everything worth knowing about the brain asymmetry