1. spaceflight
Jules Verne wrote a lot of space travel: the topic devoted to the novels "From guns to the Moon"" Around the Moon "and"Hector Servadac». He was the first writer who attempted to scientifically substantiate such flights.
In one of these books, the characters fall into space with the help of a giant cannon that throws a crew on the Moon. In "Hector Servadac" travelers escape from the comet at a special balloon (balloon) and it is returned to Earth. Today, these technologies seem ridiculous, but surely foresaw the fact of space exploration and to inspire the next generation of scientists.
2. The widespread use of planes and helicopters
The first aircraft appeared at the writer's life, but then he seemed more extravagant device, rather than the leading vehicle of the future. Verne did not agree with this. He described the predecessors of today's airplanes and helicopters in the books "Robur the Conqueror", "Lord of the world", "The Barsac Mission». His "Albatross" and "Terrible" like ordinary ships, but the rise in the air with the help of propellers and electricity.
Jules Verne, "Robur the Conqueror"Fore and aft "Albatross" on the horizontal axis, two four-blade propellers are fortified with a big step; these screws may rotate in opposite directions, moving the vehicle forward or backward in the horizontal plane. They have a diameter greater than the diameter lifting screws, and they can also rotate with extraordinary rapidity.
Moreover, Verne predicted the widespread use of aluminum in the aerospace industry. In the XIX century, this material is very expensive, and the idea of machines it was perceived by contemporaries as absurd.
3. Quick submarines
Submarine shipbuilding appeared long before the true, but it was he who predicted the development of this type of technology. In his time, the submarines could sink very shallow and moving very slowly. "Nautilus" Captain Nemo described in novel "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea"I surpassed them in all respects. Even today, some of its technical characteristics remain fantastic.
But the general trend of Verne foresaw. Autonomous submarines, capable of long journeys, exploring the deep sea, a trip to the North Pole under the ice - all this has become a reality.
4. Modern city
In the early 1860s, Verne created a dystopia about the life of Paris in the XX century. He described a world in which society is primarily appreciates technology and commerce. People live and work in skyscrapers, drive cars and high-speed trains. In the city there were huge stores. The streets at night illuminated with bright light, and criminals executed by the electric discharge.
When the life of the faithful publishers have adopted the "Paris in the XX century", considering the product is too grim and unrealistic. The book was printed only in 1994 - after the manuscript discovered the great-grandson of the writer.
A more optimistic view of the future is described in the story "One day an American journalist in 2889". In it the heroes use renewable energy sources, communicate with each other at a distance and bought ready meals at home.
Jules Verne, "One day an American journalist in 2889"Like all men of our time, Bennett, giving up home cooking, become a subscriber of a solid society "Home Power". By a complex network of pneumatic tubes society gives customers plenty of different dishes. The system costs, of course, is not cheap, but the food is excellent, and most importantly, you can get rid of the unbearable breed of home cooks and chefs.
5. Computers, fax and Internet
In the novel "Paris in the XX century" Verne has a complex computing machines running on electricity. They perform various operations with banks and are able to transmit information to each other over long distances. It became the prototype of computers and the Internet. Other machines described by it ( "photographic telegraphy") - Fax predecessors.
Jules Verne, "Paris in the XX century"Cars really were like a huge piano; pressing the keyboard button, you can immediately calculate the amount of residues that works ratios, proportions, amortization and compound interest for all sorts of time and at any conceivable rate.
Jules Verne, "Paris in the XX century"The electric telegraph would be to significantly reduce the volume of correspondence, because recent improvements have allowed the sender to communicate directly with the recipient; thus maintained secret correspondence, and the largest transaction could take place at a distance.
6. Videophone
In the story "One day an American journalist in 2889," Verne described a thing called fonotelefot. With it, you can see a person on the screen and talk to the man, wherever he may be.
Jules Verne, "One day an American journalist in 2889"Phone, complete with telephoto - another conquest of the century! If the voice through the electric current has been around for a long time, the image transmission - opening very recently. Valuable invention for which Francis Bennett, litsezreem wife in a mirror fonotelefota, blessed scientist.
7. Holography
In Verne's novel "The Carpathian Castle"Referred to a static image in a space that is indistinguishable from a real person. In the book, the hero sees a holographic image of the deceased beloved, taking it as a reality and falls into the trap. Later it became known that this contraption scientist.
Jules Verne, "The Carpathian Castle"With the help of mirrors, tilted at precisely calculated angles, and a powerful light source illuminates the portrait, there is a "live" image Still in all the splendor of her beauty.
In reality, holography appeared only 55 years later - in 1947, and began to develop after the invention of the laser in 1960.
8. weapons of mass destruction
In the novel "The Begum's Fortune"One of the characters creates a prototype of chemical weapons. The giant gun shells it is liquefied carbon dioxide, which drastically lowers the evaporation temperature. With the weapons the character is going to attack the city of his enemy. It is expected that "every living being in the range of thirty meters from the blast site, must inevitably perish from this chilling temperature and suffocation."
And in "Paris in the XX century" mentioned weapons systems that can be controlled from a distance. In the universe of Verne's arms became so destructive that all countries have abandoned warfare. Although the latter did not happen, many of the described is already a reality.
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