Why does not twist the starter and what to do
Do It Yourself Educational Program / / December 19, 2019
How to understand that the starter does not twist
The problem is pretty obvious: nothing happens when you turn the key in the ignition. At this moment, from under the hood can be heard clicking, buzzing, metallic rattle and clink, or, on the contrary, there will be no sound at all.
All this indicates a malfunction of the starter or one of the elements of its control system.
How does the motor starter
This motor with a retractor relay enable and disable the starter, and Bendix, rotating flywheel.
In a typical design includes a starter rotor to the collector of which is placed inside the housing with the stator or permanent magnets. At the rear of the brush assembly is mounted and the lid with the bearing. The front - reducer, which in the old models can not be Bendix and the second lid with the bearing. At the top of the retractor is located the relay is connected to the drive fork inclusion.
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Starter works in three stages.
- When the ignition switch current passes through the starter relay control and relay fed to a retractor. The latter moves along the shaft and engages the Bendix drive with crown wheel.
- At the same time, closes the power contacts the retractor relay. Current is supplied to the starter brush assembly, and the device begins to spin.
- After starting the engine flywheel speed exceeds the rotor speed. Fires overrunning clutch Bendix, and he is disconnected from the starter shaft. With returning the ignition key to the original position is disabled retractor relay. Drive starter is disengaged from the flywheel.
Why does not twist the starter
1. Insufficient battery charge
What's happening: Starter does not twist or turns very sluggish, clicking noise, lights go out on the dashboard.
at discharged battery More energy enough to enable the retractor relay - the same clicks from under the hood, but it is not enough for the rotation of the crankshaft and the engine starts.
What to do: check the battery charge and, if the level is less than 12, fully charge it. Also, remove the cause of the discharge, so that the problem does not repeat itself.
2. oxidised
What's happening: starter turns bad, and then completely stops.
Over time, the oxidized compounds at the battery terminals, the retractor relay or wire weight on the engine. Oxide film or plaque break contact and increase the resistance at these locations. The power supply is reduced, and it is not enough to start the engine. Over time, the contact disappears altogether.
What to do: check all connections. If necessary, smooth out their fine sanded or treated with a special spray. Tighten.
3. Faults in the control circuit
What's happening: starter not cool, no sound is heard.
The problem is rare, but it should be deleted in order to simplify further diagnosis. Due to breakage ignition failure of the control relay or wire break current to the retractor relay is not. Accordingly, it does not include a starter.
What to do: multimeter or probe with a bulb check if there is voltage on the thin wire retractor relay when the ignition key. If there is, then, all right. If not, refer to the wire, check the control relay and ignition switch.
You can also apply for this terminal powered directly battery. If the starter is working, then the problem is in the control circuit. If not, you need to look further.
4. Damage to the retractor relay
What's happening: starter not cool, no sound is heard.
When the ignition key is in the control (thin) wire retractor relay voltage appears, but the device itself does not turn on even clicks, it means that it is faulty. The reason is that there is no contact in the relay coils or so-called scorched coppers.
What to do: replace the retractor relay. If he has a removable cover, you can try to disassemble the cabinet and clean the pads or change them.
5. Brush wear assembly
What's happening: starter does not twist but audible clicks when the ignition key.
If all connections reliable contact, the retractor relay properly switched on and the starter is still not spinning, the problem is most likely to wear graphite brushes. Over time, they wear loosely fitting to the rotor collector and do not pass it current.
Apply voltage to the starter bypass relay control or close the two large terminals with a screwdriver on the retractor. If it does not turn, check the brush assembly, armature winding and the stator on trialaboutth or breakage.
What to do: remove the starter, dismantle it and replace brushes with new ones.
As an interim solution tap starter housing screwdriver or a wrench. It may return skewed brush into place and restore adherence to the collector.
6. Breakdown of the stator winding or the rotor
What's happening: starter does not twist, but a distinct audible click when the ignition key.
In contrast to the brushes wear this malfunction is rare. Its essence of violating the integrity of the stator winding, due to which they are closed to each other or to the housing. Contact between chips rotor lamellae leads to a similar effect.
What to do: Refer to the auto-electrician to repair or replace the starter. Defektovat yourself and eliminate these faults is difficult.
7. magnets peeling
What's happening: starter does not twist, but a distinct audible click when the ignition key.
Another rare defect, which occurs in the starter on the permanent magnets. Recent replace the stator field winding and may eventually peel off due to a strong side-effect of a magnetic field. Starter stops working.
What to do: Refer to the auto-electrician for repairs. You can try to attach the magnets on their own, but for this we need a special adhesive.
8. Jamming overrunning clutch
What's happening: starter rotates idle with a buzzing sound, without having to scroll the engine.
For normal operation of Bendix rollers inside the overrunning clutch should move freely in their grooves. Due to getting lubricant are sticky, and then Bendix does not go into the operating position.
What to do: remove the starter. Bendix replaced with a new or disassemble and clean the clutch.
In an emergency, you can try to twist a starter 5-10 seconds to heat the grease inside the sleeve and return operation. In the subsequent engine starts cranking.
9. Wear of bushings or bearings of the rotor
What's happening: the starter does not turns on warm engine or twists with the effort and noise.
Due generation bearing bushes or bearing shaft axial clearance appear. After heating the rotor extends and touches the stator. This leads to the circuits and prevents rotation. At very heavy wear and repeated attempts to start the starter can clog completely.
What to do: remove and disassemble the starter. Check and replace the bushings or bearings if necessary.
10. Bendix tooth breakage or flywheel
What's happening: starter rotates to a screeching and ringing.
When long Bendix operated or not fully engaged with the flywheel, the teeth driving pinion and crown eaten. This impairs the hook, and in some cases the teeth of the gears are not even each other.
What to do: remove the starter, and inspect the Bendix flywheel ring. Replace worn parts. Remove and replace Bendix is ββquite simple, but the crown - is difficult and expensive.
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