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What if the cook suddenly did not have sugar or in the closet did not have breadcrumbs? Flee to a neighbor or to the store? Not! You can find a replacement for the missing product. Available analogs have even exotic ingredients from foreign recipes. How quickly replace the missing vegetables, sauce or spice, tell here this infographics. But the most detailed navigator interchangeable ingredients - in this table.
The main ingredients
Many products are, if not identical, the similar tastes. Especially after heat treatment. Therefore, if you are preparing a hodgepodge and not bought capers, do not worry. To give the desired sour soup you can use the olives and pickled gherkins. Or, for example, if the meat is required for suppression of white wine, but it is not in the fridge, just replace it with chicken broth.
Sometimes we know what can be replaced. For example, it is known interchangeable components - a lemon juice and vinegar, baking powder and soda slaked. But how much of one ingredient corresponds to another? Tips proportions where it is important that you also find in the table.
| Ingredient | proportions | replacement |
| canned apricots | canned peaches | |
| Avocado | Chinese water chestnut | |
| Orange | 1 piece | 6-8 Art. l. orange juice |
| orange peel | 1 h. l. | ½ h. l. orange extract or 2 tablespoons. l. orange juice |
| Artichoke | Canned sweet pepper | |
| Bacon | Smoked ham or lean smoked pork (Canadian bacon) | |
| bulgur | Couscous or brown rice | |
| Chicken or beef broth | 1 cup | 1 cup boiling water, plus chicken or beef bouillon cube |
| white wine | Grape or apple juice, apple cider, chicken broth or water | |
| Red wine | The juice from dark grapes, red wine vinegar, broth, tomato juice or water | |
| fresh mushrooms | Pickled mushrooms or dried | |
| capers | Olives or pickled gherkins | |
| Lemon | 1 piece | 2 hours. l. citric acid powder |
| Lemon juice | 1 h. l. | ¼ h. l. citric acid, diluted in water or apple vinegar |
| lemon zest | 1 h. l. | ½ h. l. lemon extract |
| Leek | Onions or shallots | |
| Flour (as thickener) | 1 tbsp. l. | ½ st. l. corn, potato, rice starch or arrowroot; 1 tbsp. l. granular tapioca (cassava sago); 1 egg and 2 egg yolk or protein |
| Breadcrumbs | Oat bran flakes and shredded | |
| pepperoni | Salami | |
| Scotch bonnet peppers | Habañero pepper | |
| Serrano peppers | Jalapeno pepper | |
| Beer | Apple cider or beef broth | |
| Celery | Green pepper or fennel | |
| Tomato juice | 1 cup | Half a cup of tomato paste plus a glass of water |
| truffles | shiitake mushrooms | |
| physalis | Fresh green tomatoes plus a little lemon juice | |
| dates | Dried figs, raisins or prunes | |
| Fresh grated horseradish | 1 tbsp. l. | 2 tbsp. l. finished seasoning horseradish |
| Chives | green onions |
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Dairy products and eggs
Dairy products and eggs are part of many dishes. Most dairy products are interchangeable. Difficulties are only with English recipes.
For example, cottage cheese - crumbly, with a strong milky taste - in the West is considered sort of young soft cheese. There granular curd cheese called village - cottage cheese, and sour cream (sour cream) to taste and texture more like a Greek yogurt. Also it is impossible to equate the buttermilk (buttermilk) and the yogurt or fermented baked milk. However, all Western dairy products, you can find a replacement.
| Ingredient | proportions | replacement |
| The finished mixture of milk and cream (half and half) | 1 cup | Part cup whole milk plus 1 hour. l. melted butter; half a cup of whole milk plus half a cup of liquid cream; ¾ cup whole milk plus ¼ cup heavy cream |
| Plain yogurt | Sour cream or cottage cheese with yogurt peretorty | |
| mascarpone | Any other cream cheese without additives | |
| Butter | Margarine (for creams and baking); hydrogenated fat or shortening (if necessary frying oil or lubrication); vegetable oil in a proportion of 80% by number of the recipe (i.e., 100 g butter 80 g ≈ plant); fresh cream (for creams and sauces, in a proportion of 120%) | |
| Margarine | Applesauce or prune puree | |
| Milk | 1 cup | A glass of milk powder, diluted according to instructions plus 2 hours. l. butter |
| sour milk | 1 cup | A glass of regular milk plus 1 tbsp. l. vinegar or lemon juice |
| skimmed milk | 1 cup | ⅓ cup nonfat dry milk plus ¾ cup water |
| whole milk | 1 cup | A glass of skim milk plus 2½ hours. l. butter; half a glass of skim milk and a little heavy cream; a glass of water plus 4 tbsp. l. whole milk powder; half a cup of condensed milk, plus a glass of water |
| Mozzarella | suluguni | |
| Parmesan | Grana Padano, or mature pecorino asyago | |
| Buttermilk | 1 cup | A glass of kefir or sour cream; ¾ cup of yogurt plus ¼ cup of milk; glass of milk, plus 1 tbsp. l. lemon juice (let stand for 5 minutes) |
| ricotta | Cottage cheese | |
| Romano (cheese) | Parmesan | |
| Condensed milk | 1 cup | Glass nonfat dry milk plus half a glass of water boiled whip until smooth with ⅔ cup sugar and 3 tbsp. l. melted butter |
| fatty cream | 1 cup | ¾ cup of fresh milk plus 50-60 grams of butter |
| low-fat cream | 1 cup | Half a cup of heavy cream plus half a cup of whole milk; half a glass of fresh milk 3 tbsp. l. butter |
| cream chantilly | Beat well chilled heavy cream; Beat well chilled sweetened condensed milk ½ hours. l. lemon juice; Beat in equal proportions of milk and ice water, and then, still whisking, add the same amount of sugar and a little lemon juice | |
| Cream cheese | Ricotta from skim milk; Beat until smooth low fat cottage cheese | |
| thick cream | 1 cup | Glass fat yoghurt without additives or polstakana curd yoghurt plus polstakana |
| Sour cream for sauces | Mix cottage cheese with yogurt (kefir) or cream cheese with milk | |
| goat cheese | Chees Feta | |
| Cottage cheese | Soft cheeses | |
| sharp cheddar | 200 g | 200 g of mild cheddar plus ⅛ hours. l. dry mustard and ¼ hours. l. Worcestershire sauce |
| Egg | 1 piece | 15 g of egg powder; 2 egg yolk or protein; 2 tbsp. l. milk plus ½ hours. l. baking powder; ¼ cup of mashed potatoes; ¼ cup canned pumpkin or squash; 2 tbsp. l. potato starch; 2 tbsp. l. water plus 1 tbsp. l. of vegetable oil and 2 hours. l. baking powder |
| Egg white | 1 piece | 1 tbsp. l. dried egg protein plus 2 tbsp. l. water |
| Egg yolk | 1 piece | 2 tbsp. l. egg powder (dry melange) |
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Sauces and fats
Sauces play an important role in cooking. Most of them are sold in finished form. But, if you forgot to buy or Tabasco mayonnaise - it does not matter. You can find a way out.
| Ingredient | proportions | replacement |
| Worcestershire sauce | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. ready-made sauces for steaks; 1 tbsp. l. soy sauce, 4 drops of Tabasco sauce, ⅛ hours. l. lemon juice plus a pinch of sugar |
| Mustard | 1 tbsp. l. | ½ h. l. dry mustard plus 2 hours. l. vinegar |
| Cocktail sauce | 1 cup | Mix 1 cup ketchup, 3 tbsp. l. horseradish (ready), 1 tbsp. l. of lemon juice and 2 hours. l. Worcestershire sauce |
| Mayonnaise | 1 cup | 1 cup yogurt or sour cream; Egg whisk 1, 160 ml of vegetable oil, 1 hr. l. mustard, 1 tbsp. l. lemon juice and a pinch of salt and sugar |
| Tabasco | Cayenne or black pepper | |
| Tartarus | ½ cup | 6 tablespoons. l. plus 2 tablespoons mayonnaise. l. brine |
| Lard | Shortening (or confectionary cooking oil) | |
| Chile (sauce) | 1 cup | A glass of tomato paste, ¼ cup brown sugar, 2 tbsp. l. vinegar, ¼ h. l. cinnamon, a pinch of ground cloves and allspice; glass ketchup, ¼ h. l. cinnamon, a pinch of ground cloves and allspice |
| shortening | Lard, butter or margarine | |
| shortening, melted | Vegetable oil |
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Oils and vinegars
It is not necessary to give up the recipe, if the filling is used there is not the usual olive oil, and, for example, sesame oil, vinegar or Chinese. They have an alternative.
| Ingredient | proportions | replacement |
| Sesame oil | 1 tbsp. l. | ½ h. l. vegetable oil plus 1½ hours. l. roasted sesame seeds |
| Oil with hot pepper | ¼ h. l. | ¼ h. l. olive oil, plus a pinch of cayenne pepper |
| Olive oil | Sunflower oil | |
| balsamic vinegar | Sherry or cider vinegar | |
| wine vinegar | 4 tbsp. l. | 3 tbsp. l. apple cider vinegar plus 1 tbsp. l. red wine |
| Chinese vinegar | Balsamic vinegar | |
| vinegar | Lemon juice | |
| sherry vinegar | Balsamic vinegar |
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Bakery products
Baking - Aerobatics in cooking. Not all are friends with the dough and oven. Many believe that in the preparation of sweet and savory pastries need to strictly follow the recipe, otherwise nothing happens. It's true. But if suddenly the kitchen was not baking powder or cake flour, it does not mean that from home buns or cakes have to be abandoned. Most components are interchangeable in recipes baking.
| Ingredient | proportions | replacement |
| Agar-agar | 1 g | 8 g of gelatin |
| arrowroot | 1 h. l. | 2 tbsp. l. flour and 1 tbsp. l. cornstarch |
| Vanilla (Pods) | Coli 1 (5 cm) | 1 h. l. vanilla extract |
| Vanillin (powder) | 1 package | Vanilla pods, vanilla sugar or a few drops of vanilla essence |
| Cream of tartar | ½ h. l. | 1½ hours. l. lemon juice or vinegar |
| Ready-mix for baking | 1 cup | Half a cup of flour, half a cup of shortening, 2½ hours. l. baking powder and ¾ hours. l. salt |
| pressed yeast | ½ pack | 2 tbsp. l. dry yeast |
| Dry yeast | 1 tbsp. l. | 25 g pressed yeast |
| Cocoa powder | 4 tbsp. l. | 30 g of dark chocolate unsweetened |
| ammonium carbonate | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. baking powder (disintegrant) |
| coconut cream | Cream | |
| Coconut milk | cow milk | |
| coconut | 1 tbsp. l. | 1½ Art. l. fresh grated coconut |
| Currants (dark raisins pitted) | Other types of raisins or chopped dates | |
| Corn starch | 1 tbsp. l. | 2 tbsp. l. wheat flour; 2 tbsp. l. tapioca (cassava sago); 2½ hours. l. arrowroot |
| Light corn syrup | 1 cup | honey glass or cup sugar plus ¼ cup water |
| Dark corn syrup | 1 cup | Glass maple syrup or ¾ cup light corn syrup plus ¼ cup molasses (molasses black) |
| Carob (carob pods) | 1 tbsp. l. | 1 tbsp. l. Cocoa powder |
| Marzipan | 2½ cups | 2 cups crushed almonds into the flour, 1 cup powdered sugar and 2 tbsp. l. corn syrup |
| marshmallow | zephyr | |
| Molasses (molasses) | 1 cup | honey glass or ¾ cup sugar plus ¼ cup water |
| Honey | 1 cup | Glass corn syrup; 1¼ cup sugar plus ¼ cup water; half a glass of buttermilk, plus 2 tbsp. l. melted shortening |
| Cake flour | 1 cup | Incomplete cup wheat flour (you can add 2 tbsp. l. corn starch) |
| flour confectionery | Bakery Flour and first grade | |
| Flour samovskhodyaschaya (prepared mixture of flour, salt and baking powder) | 1 cup | A glass of wheat flour, 1½ hours. l. baking powder and ½ hours. l. salt |
| potato flour | 1 tbsp. l. | 2 tbsp. l. wheat flour and 1 tbsp. l. cornstarch |
| corn flour | Wheat flour | |
| Tortilla flour (masa harina) | Corn flour | |
| Rye flour | Wheat flour | |
| rice flour | 1 cup | Incomplete cup wheat flour |
| Flour with a high gluten content | Wheat flour | |
| flour, wholegrain | 1 cup | Incomplete cup wheat flour |
| Baking powder (raising agent) | 1 h. l. | ¼ h. l. soda plus ½ hours. l. vinegar or lemon juice; ¼ h. l. soda plus ½ hours. l. cream of tartar; ¼ h. l. soda plus ½ hours. l. sour milk, buttermilk or yogurt |
| Sugar (Granulated) | 1 cup | A glass of brown sugar; 2 cups powdered sugar; ¾ cup honey or 1⅘ cup confectioner's sugar |
| Sugar zhzhony (caramel kulor) | 1 cup | A glass of regular sugar plus 2 tbsp. l. dark corn syrup |
| Brown sugar cane | 1 cup | regular sugar bowl (you can add a bit of dark corn syrup) |
| Sugar lumps (refined) | 1 cube | 1 h. l. granulated sugar |
| Powdered sugar | 1 cup | ¾ cup of sugar or a cup granulated sugar plus 1 hour. l. cornstarch - everything grind in a coffee grinder |
| unsweetened chocolate | 30 g | 3 tbsp. l. cocoa powder plus 1 tbsp. l. butter, confectionery fat or margarine |
| semisweet chocolate | 30 g | 30 g of unsweetened chocolate plus 3 tbsp. l. Sahara; 3 tbsp. l. Carob plus 2 tbsp. l. water |
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Condiments and spices
Spices are arranged in the dishes taste accents. But the spices are so many that it is no wonder confused. The following table will help you better understand them, and if necessary - to find a replacement of a particular spice.
| Ingredient | proportions | replacement |
| Anise | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. dill seed or a few drops of anise extract |
| Anise (extract) | 1 h. l. | 1½ hours. l. anise seeds |
| Basil | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. Oregano (Origanum) or caraway |
| carnation | Allspice, cinnamon or nutmeg | |
| Ready-made spice mix for pumpkin pie | 1 h. l. | ½ h. l. cinnamon, ⅛ hours. l. ground nutmeg, ⅛ hours. l. of dried peel of nutmeg, ⅛ hours. l. ground ginger, ⅛ hours. l. ground cloves; see also. spice mixture to apple pie |
| Ready-made spice mix for apple pie | 1 h. l. | ½ h. l. cinnamon, ¼ h. l. ground ginger, ⅛ hours. l. ground allspice, ⅛ ground nutmeg; Ginger can be used in place of cardamom |
| ginger powder | 1 tbsp. l. | ⅛ hours. l. ginger powder; allspice, cinnamon, ground nutmeg or aril of nutmeg Dried |
| Ginger (grated fresh root) | ½ h. l. | ¼ h. l. ground ginger |
| Italian seasoning mix | 2 tbsp. l. | At 1 hr. l. basil, oregano, marjoram, rosemary, sage and thyme |
| Cayenne pepper | ⅛ hours. l. | 4 drops of Tabasco sauce |
| Cardamom | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. ground ginger or 1 hour. l. cinnamon |
| Curry | 1 tbsp. l. | For ½ hour. l. ground cardamom, cayenne pepper, ground coriander seeds, cumin, ground ginger and turmeric |
| Chervil | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. of dried chopped parsley, plus ⅛ hours. l. of dried minced sage; 1 h. l. fresh parsley |
| Coriander | Parsley | |
| Cinnamon | 1 h. l. | ¼ h. l. nutmeg or allspice |
| cinnamon sugar | 250 g | 200 g of sugar + 50 g cinnamon |
| Sesame (seeds) | 1 tbsp. l. | 1 tbsp. l. minced blanched almonds |
| Turmeric | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. dry mustard |
| Kitchen herbs | 1 h. l. | For ¼ hour. l. of dried thyme, oregano, sage and rosemary |
| Bay leaf | 1 a sheet | ¼ h. l. minced leafs |
| onion powder | 1 h. l. | 1 tbsp. l. minced onion |
| Marjoram | Basil, thyme or savory | |
| Ground celery seeds with salt | 1 h. l. | ¾ h. l. salts plus ¼ h. l. of ground celery seed |
| Nutmeg | Dried husk of nutmeg, cinnamon and ginger | |
| Mint | Basil, oregano or rosemary | |
| oregano | Thyme, basil or marjoram | |
| paprika flakes | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. cayenne pepper |
| Parsley fresh grinded | 1 tbsp. l. | 1 h. l. of dried chopped parsley |
| Dried parsley | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. coriander or chervil |
| allspice | 1 h. l. | ½ h. l. cinnamon plus ½ hours. l. cloves; ½ h. l. cinnamon, ¼ h. l. cloves and ¼ hours. l. ground nutmeg |
| Ground red pepper (paprika) | Acute ketchup or black pepper | |
| Chili pepper, dried and crushed | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. crushed red pepper |
| Seasoning for poultry | 1 h. l. | ¾ h. l. Sage plus ¼ hours. l. thyme |
| Rosemary | Thyme, tarragon (tarragon) or savory | |
| Celery seed (for pickle) | 1 tbsp. l. | 1 tbsp. l. fennel seeds |
| A mixture of five spices | 5 hours. l. | At 1 hr. l. anise, cinnamon, ground fennel, ground cloves and ground black pepper |
| salt | 1 tbsp. l. | 1½ hours. l. kosher (ie coarse) salt |
| Hydrochloric mixture with the spices | 4 hours. l. | 2 hours. l. salt, ½ h. l. sage, ½ h. l. of dried parsley, ½ h. l. onion powder, ¼ h. l. marjoram and ¼ hours. l. paprika |
| Dried husk of nutmeg | Nutmeg, allspice, cinnamon or ginger | |
| Thyme | Basil, marjoram, oregano or savory | |
| Caraway | Chili powder | |
| fresh herbs | 1 h. l. | ½ h. l. dried herbs |
| Crushed dried herbs | 1 h. l. | ¼ h. l. powdered dried herbs |
| Fresh chopped dill | 3 hours. l. | 1 h. l. of dried dill |
| Dill (seeds) | 1 h. l. | 1 h. l. cumin |
| Usyanmyan (Chinese five spice mixture) | 1 h. l. | For ¼ hour. l. seeds of anise, cinnamon, ground cloves and ground ginger |
| Lemongrass (lemon grass) | Melissa | |
| Savory | Thyme, oregano or sage | |
| fresh garlic | 1 clove | ⅛ hours. l. garlic powder; ¾ h. l. minced garlic; ½ h. l. garlic salt; ½ h. l. garlic juice; 1 h. l. garlic paste |
| garlic powder | ⅛ hours. l. | ½ h. l. garlic or garlic juice salts; 1 h. l. garlic paste |
| garlic salt | ½ h. l. | Crushed clove of fresh garlic; ½ h. l. garlic juice; ⅛ hours. l. garlic powder |
| Chili powder | 1 tbsp. l. | 2 hours. l. cumin, 1 hr. l. cayenne pepper, 1 hr. l. oregano and ½ hours. l. garlic powder |
| Tarragon (tarragon) | Chervil, fennel seeds or anise seeds |
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