How to rid your child of the shortcomings of the modern school
Forming / / December 19, 2019
Family education is spread in 45 countries around the world and is becoming more popular every year. In the US, 2.5 million children studying at home, and this number is increasing annually by 5-12%.
In Russia, family education was the norm until the middle of the XIX century. Education and training of children in the noble and merchant families engaged in the invited teachers and tutors (often - foreign).
After the revolution of education came under the strict control of the state. Study at home only permitted to children with disabilities.
In the 1990s, it reappeared family education in law. But the truly popular in Russia, it becomes just now.
According to the online magazine "Family and Demographic Research", more than 100 thousand families annually prefer receiving education outside the organization. The experience of family education has received more than 1.5 million people.
What is the family education
In the network of extracurricular form of learning is called differently: family education, home schooling, unschooling, houmskuling. Not always by these terms meant the same thing. Therefore, let us first define some terminology.
According to Article 17 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 № 273 "On Education in the Russian Federation", in Russia there are two forms of education:
- organizations engaged in educational activities (full-time, part-time or part-time students in public and private schools, lyceums, gymnasiums);
- outside such organizations.
In the latter case stands two forms of training: Family education and self-education (for children older than 15 years).
Family Education - this training outside of school. Parents independently organize the educational process and the children learn the curriculum.
Formally, it is correct to say "family education". But with the English-language sites he came to us and took root, the term "home schooling" (from the English homeschooling). The essence is the same, so later in the article, the terms "family / home schooling" and "family education" will be used interchangeably.
What should not be confused family education, so it is a home-based education, external and unschooling. At home attended by children with disabilities, while de jure they are assigned to an educational institution. Just come home teacher or conduct lessons on Skype (the Office is called "involving distance learning technologies").
Externship - a form of certification for those studying outside any institutions, and unschooling (from English unschooling) - just not limited to school curricula, without intermediate certifications.
Catherine Sherchenkova
The head of the educational activities of the project "External studies and home school" Foxford ".
- In regular schools the teachers a little time is given to individual students. If the child understands the material faster, it will not be allowed in the classroom get up and leave or read a book in the back row. He is forced to repeat what he already knows, because in the class who does not understand the material. He falls motivation, and it is gradually becoming a "middling" in order not to stand out.
The opposite situation: the class goes on the program, and the child does not have time to record the lesson the teacher, slowly understands the subject, he asks. There are more and more gaps in the subjects.
Mikhail Lazarev
Founder and ideologist of the project "Internet lesson."
- Learning is good if the class 4-5 and students in all subjects upscale teacher if there is an opportunity to engage in their own pace, ask questions. But to ensure a place in the school of each child, the country would need 3.5 million teachers in each subject. This, of course, impossible.
Why do parents choose family education
In accordance with Article 43 of the Constitution of the basic general education in our country is a must.
Parents must ensure that their children receive general education.
Article 63 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation
The same is enshrined in article 44 of the Federal Law "On education".
To educate, as well as "lay the foundations for the physical, moral, intellectual development of the child" are obliged to parents. Not the state, not the school - parents. That is why according to the law they have the right to choose the form of education and training form.
Relationship formation usually selected for the following reasons.
- The rejection of the state education system. Many parents believe that educational program does not give the children real knowledge dulls them and stifles creativity. They believe that the school is mired in bureaucracy and corruption, and take out children because of exactions and conflicts with the director, assistant principal or teachers.
- Features a child. Some children are simply incompatible with the school. They can not stay from start to finish in class. Do the job too quickly or too slowly. They are bored with teachers and classmates. Family Learning allows you to adjust the curriculum and engage at a comfortable pace with a comfortable load.
- Health problems. Home-based training at the school is possible only if the child is recognized by medical and social examination of disabled. If he simply ill-health, he often gets sick and misses school, he will approach the family training.
- family needs. Life is all made up differently, and family learning is often not a whim but a necessity. For example, if the family lives abroad, but plans to return home, or just want to have a child was a Russian certificate, or if military dad and the family frequently moved.
- Professional sports or music. When you spend 5-8 hours on the court, or at the piano when monthly fees or tour, do not have time to go to school. Children professionally involved in sports or music, family learning allows to obtain high-quality knowledge "on the job".
- Religious views. School - an institution secular, with all the ensuing consequences. Parents who live by religious norms, prefer a family learning.
Natalia Ivanchenko
Mom child in family education, sociology, psychology, history teacher in the past.
- Alexander the family training for the second year, with the 5 th grade. When he graduated from elementary school, it became clear that school knowledge is not enough, and the time expended enormous. Because of the lessons and homework was impossible to play chess, golf and other hobbies. Then we decided to switch to home schooling.
On the 5 th grade, Alexander worked on the curriculum at home with the help of online schools and tutors, and on Saturday attended an English school. In this case, there was time to visit the various developmental activities.
The 6th grade has changed: Alexander enrolled in a secondary school in Scotland, and we are on time, have left Russia. But the system of home schooling in parallel allows us to study Russian in school and achieve good results, either remotely or directly in an English school.
When Alexander was 16, we will again discuss with him his goals and make a decision about where he will prepare for university entrance - in Russia or the United Kingdom.
How to go on family education
If among the above-mentioned reasons for the transition to family training has expired for your family and you want to try this form of training, be prepared to go through the following steps.
Step 1 st - to notify the Department of Education
The basic general education shall be compulsory. Therefore, local governments are accounting children who are entitled to receive it. Simply put, each territorial department or the Department of Education has a list of children, which indicates where and how they learn.
Usually with officials contacted the school. She informs that currently enrolled in such and such a student and another student went after the ninth grade to college, and so on.
When choosing a family education obligation to inform local authorities lies with the parents (Article 63 of the Federal Law "On Education").
To do this, you must write an application once notification of intention to select the family education to the head of the local education management. The sample can be viewed here. The statement attributed better person. Please register at the secretariat and get a mark on the Service on your copy.
Simultaneously with the notification form Authority control Parents tend to write an application to the school.
Step 2 minutes - attached to the school
If your child is in high school and you are satisfied with it, simply write an application to the Director of the transition to family formation (sample application can be found here).
After that, the school can conclude an agreement on access to education in the form of family education (approximate text). This means that the child will be in the contingent of the school and be with other learners equal academic rights.
When attached to the school the child is entitled to receive books from its fund to use its library, attend clubs and circles, participate in activities conducted at school concerts and other events.
But to conclude an agreement with the school does not necessarily: the school can enroll only during certification. To do this, you need to write an application to the Director.
If you want to change schools, write a letter of dismissal and go through the above procedure at the new school.
If the child has never been to school, ask your local authority education department list of institutions working with children homeschooled. According to the law to pass intermediate and final certification can not only be based on the school, but also in other organizations "engaged by mainstream educational activities programs. " For example, in high schools.
Step third - to organize the learning process
Turning to home schooling, parents need to organize educational activities of the child: to define the objects, load and intensity of training.
That's what says about this Natalia Ivanchenko:
- Family Learning - a complete change of lifestyle of the family. You should see a responsible adult who is willing to take on the whole process of organization Learning from the arrangement of training places to test the knowledge and constant discussion with the child, or other topics.
Parent family learning - is the coach. He takes the child to the goal they have chosen together, supporting interest in the study, in whatever form, this study was carried out either. And of course, all the mistakes, shortcomings and gaps of education can no longer be attributed to the school. It is your choice and yours alone with the child the responsibility to ourselves.
Three ways to organize the learning process
Some mothers and fathers perceive the term "family education" literally and try on the role of teachers. Help provide textbooks and numerous educational Internet resources.
Catching up with the child on their own, parents get to know him and grow together with them. No 'son, Come bring Diary ". Between an adult and a child are added to really trusting partnership.
Independently teach the child - it means to take responsibility for the quality of education. You can no longer blame the school that they teach wrong, inadequate and wrong.
Not all parents can afford to teach their children themselves. It takes a long time, and yet still need to work and solve everyday problems. Therefore, the second method - a variety of tutors and learning centers.
parents usually hire private tutors in basic subjects and further recorded the children in different centers of education and so-called alternative schools. In one your child will learn programming in the other - acting, in the third training goes according to the Montessori method, and so on. Some of them carried out the certification. here scroll alternative schools and family.
The third way - learning online school.
«Foxford», «Online lesson», «Mobile e-school», «Virtual school», «Extern office"- this is only part of the areas where your children can acquire knowledge without leaving home.
The online school lessons children are watching in real time, communicating with teachers and peers in chat, perform domestic and control tasks on the site. Almost like in a regular school, but do not need to get up at seven in the morning to catch the first lesson: the record of any of them can be revised at any convenient time. In this online school programs are often deeper and more interesting school.
Alice Klima
Director of Development "YaKlass".
- As for all the benefits of such a celebration of learning, creativity and life to pay. time release requires its immediate use. Children need a menu of different activities. Learning a foreign language, music, painting, chess, tennis, karate - all this costs money.
Home schooling for families who are willing to spend 60-100 rubles a month to ensure proper quality and consistency of the process without compromising his own psyche.
How is the certification
Certification - is to control the development of students of the educational program. Evaluation results must confirm that the child knows and can do no less than the inherent in the approved curriculum.
Certification is an intermediate (for class) and final. Both are free of charge. Rules of the intermediate certification set out in Article 58 of the Federal Law "On education".
In practice, it looks like that.
You attach it to a school or simply expressed a desire to go into her certification. The institution is published act with the terms and procedures of the event. In fact, this list of items in front of each of which the date and form of delivery (control, testing, and so on).
Most schools for students in the family spend two (December and May) or one intermediate certification (May). The procedure itself depends on zavedonnyh school orders. Somewhere require that child everything handed internally, in other schools give tests and control proreshivat home.
If the child does not pass certification on any subject, he formed an academic debt. You can re-take no more than two times within one year from the date the debt education. Dates set school conducting the certification.
State final examination (DPA) is compulsory for all students, regardless of the forms of learning. It is held on the test materials of the Federal Institute of Pedagogical measurements at the end of the 9th and 11th grades. In 9th grade final examination called OGE - General State Exam; in the 11th - the exam, the unified state exam.
That's what says about this Catherine Sherchenkova:
- Parents in the transition to family education need to pass a few instances and write statements. Family education is regulated by the contract between the school and the parent. No model contract - a parent can talk to the school all the important points.
Ideally, the school is required to prepare each student for a "roadmap" on subjects that the child was easier to prepare. This is a great reservoir of work on the part of the school and by parents.
When passing intermediate certifications may be encountered with neglect of individual teachers. They can not come to terms with the idea that students can study the subject independently and in a shorter amount of time. But prejudices disappear when the child shows the knowledge of higher than expected schoolteacher.
When entering the DPA students familial form of training is usually no complications. They are on a general basis taking part in the final certification and get the same certificate as the other students.
Pros and cons of family education
Let's start with the good.
- Studies in the fun. School - it obyazalovke. The child is faced with a system and often loses all interest in their studies, making lessons anyhow, but would not put a deuce. Family Learning - a creative process. Parents try to ensure that children were interested, so they were eager to new knowledge and enjoy the learning process. To do this, they and the children play educational games, visit the tour, take part in competitions.
- Individual approach. School - this leveling. Family education gives children and their parents freedom. They choose what items and how much to learn. And those items that the school for a long time does not appear, such as programming. If necessary, an individual training plan can be developed for the student.
- Home furnishings. The child does not need to get up at seven in the morning, and their parents - to take him to school. He is eating homemade food and not bring the flu home from school. at assignments He is relaxed and quiet: no one is breathing in the back and do not go from corner to corner with a pointer.
- For the future. Pupils homeschooled no worse and no better than ordinary students. But their knowledge is often deeper and wider. Most of them are for the year program two or three classes, allowing them to finish before training and start to build a career.
Natalia Ivanchenko said: "The main advantage - the free time that you can arrange on your own. After a year of training, we realized that we can safely leave Russia, but to keep his training in the Russian system of education, passing examinations and connecting to the online school. "
The downside is that family education.
- The low level of socialization. World child homeschooled often closed to members of his family, a couple of coaches and friends. And while parents try to drive it in circles and sections, to meet with other children, communication is still not enough. Children in the family learning, often do not know how to deal with conflict situations, how to stand up for themselves, how to start a conversation. This can become a big problem in the future.
- Children's lack of discipline. Family Learning requires parents full-time commitment. It is necessary not only to organize the learning process, but also to control it. The principle of "here's books, video tutorials here - to engage in" does not work. Without a clear plan, and the notorious daily routine, even the most talented and intelligent child begins to be lazy.
- Infantilism. When the parents - the main sources of knowledge about the world, their authority exceeds the limit. A child may too get used to rely on Mom and Dad, "I know how to solve this problem, but it is necessary to consult with parents," "I can not myself, without my parents, to go there." It is very important to work on the independence of the child.
- Cost. Parents want their child got the choice of excellence developed comprehensively and harmoniously. Achieve this by engaging only the textbooks issued by the school, it is almost impossible. Everything else - additional teaching materials, tutoring, alternative and online school - fee. And very cheap.
That's what says about this Alice Klima:
- The biggest and least predictable difficulty - is to find the time and the will to organize a system process. Parents often overestimate their strength. Meanwhile, during the transition to family education to one of them, most likely, will have to sacrifice a career.
If a family is more than one child, family learning even one of them requires enormous daily work. A household in this case, too, has not been canceled. Juggle employment with children, providing three meals a day, cleaning, ironing, shopping, in practice it is extremely difficult. How long will a parent at such a rhythm?
Nikita Belogolovtsev
Chief editor Mel.fm.
- Plus, of course, there is no shortage of modern school. The teacher does not yelling in the classroom is not lagging behind (if he did not otstaosh), no one talks about Telegonia, sweaty after gym sitting at the desk did not - and still a million sins of varying severity.
The main disadvantage to the extent of effort that you need to apply to get a quality alternative. It is not "came home from work, and we note with interest discussed Turgenev chordates and heroes." It does not work. Plan, work, persistence, extracurricular classes and a lot of time. And money too well, actually.
Summary
Family Education - an unusual and very interesting form of learning. And although it is not suitable for all families and children, the interest in it is growing every year. Public schools hone work with students on home schooling, private - are preparing for certification. Parents are united in community, share their experience of family learning. Produced themed book out a special magazine "Family education». Festivals, seminars and conferences.
On the prospects of the development of family education Layfhaker asked experts.
Catherine Sherchenkova
In recent years, gaining popularity acquisition system family education in remote Russia. Gradually include schools, colleges. There are suggestions that the largest online company in 2030 will be an online school, training with the participation of teachers robots, professional robots.
Nikita Belogolovtsev
On the one hand, it is obvious that it is now fashionable, partly even haypovaya history. Many of her only reason and think. This foam will settle for a couple of years.
On the other hand, accumulated and disappointment in our education. Now school children are people who themselves are accustomed to comfort, relative affluence and other pleasures of the well-fed the two thousandth. These people are used to, that you can order products online and call Uber. And these people are much more difficult to believe that in a school toilet is out of paper.
Supporters of family education is very active, in an amicable way "loud", so a feeling that they become very much. This is not quite true. Exact figures I have, but I understand that we are talking about several tens of thousands of children in Russia who are studying at home. I think that in the foreseeable future, this figure has not changed.
Mikhail Lazarev
In family education tremendous prospects both in Russia and in the world.
When family education, parents have the opportunity to choose what and how to teach your child. On the Internet, you can learn from the best teachers and the best materials.
If a good script will be filmed two movies with unknown perpetrators, only one - in the central studio, and the other - in a neighboring yard, which movie will you watch?
Alice Klima
According to experts, family education will never cover more than 5-10% of students in Russia. It is quite realistic. Quality home education can provide one.
Home education is rightly called an elitist. Not because it is available only to the rich, but because it requires a special ideology. Children of financial elites are usually trained in private or foreign schools. Home schooling - for those who have had the clear understanding of the priorities of the family (eg, travel and relocate), and those who are ready for the education of the child to give up own ambitions.
Natalia Ivanchenko
Before difficult decisions about the care of an ordinary school is necessary if you need to think very well, it is and why you do it, consult with teachers, psychologists. It is advisable to maintain a good relationship with the school, where the child will be evaluated. Only after all these steps to make a decision. Because the main thing - that the child was happy, and that love of learning has not dried up.
What do you think about a family learning?
If your child is educated outside the school, share your story in the comments.