5 mistakes in first aid

First aid - a complex of measures aimed at restoring, preservation of health and life of the victim. First medical aid is provided by eyewitnesses, and others, who are at the time of injury, close to the victims. And it is extremely important to act correctly.

1. Overlay harness without having to

Cooking, working with scissors, weeding beds - we have a lot of chances to get hurt, but do not need to apply a tourniquet at each bleeding. Tourniquet bandage the limb only with arterial bleeding. the color of blood with him scarlet. Dark bleeding, venous, it is necessary to stop the imposition of a pressure bandage, even if it is strong.

2. Throw back his head back bleeding from the nose

Bleeding nose It may occur as in case of overheating, and from excessive physical activity. In case of bleeding throw back his head in any case impossible. It is necessary to seat the victim and gently tilt his head forward, thus allowing the accumulated blood to flow freely. Then you have to squeeze your nose just above the nostrils for 10 minutes.

If this does not work, you need to invest in each nostril turunda (narrow gauze or a cotton swab) for 15 minutes and apply a cold nose. If this measure had no effect, you need to be sent to the nearest medical facility.

3. Apply yogurt or sour cream in the preparation of thermal or sunburn

Do not apply on damaged skin material, creating a film. These include sour cream and yogurt, butter, toothpaste, potatoes, honey. Upon receipt burn the best solution would be to place the first seconds of the affected area under cold water. Ideal - to use a special medication from burns from the pharmacy.

4. Try to straighten a dislocated independently

Do not try to reduce a dislocation without proper skills and anesthesia - these efforts will only lead to aggravation of the injury and increased pain. For reduction of dislocation consult a doctor, even severe cases are now corrected with the help of a "closed" painless surgery.

When sprains and fractures need to immobilize the limb - to keep the damaged limb immobility until the ambulance arrives. If the victim needs to be transported, it is possible to make a tire for damaged limbs from improvised. In this case, the limb is necessary to fix it in the position in which it is located.

How to determine the dislocation? This can be done without a medical education. In the area of ​​the damaged joint deformity occurs, because due to the dislocation of the change not only its size but also the shape. It is also the site of injury occurs swelling. The victim can determine dislocation of strong pain of the injured site.

5. Underestimate the danger of thermal shock

Risk of heat (particularly sunlight) hitting often underestimated. In the worst case it can lead to loss of consciousness and coma.

evidence heat stroke such:

• Throbbing in the temples;
• redness of the skin, especially the face;
• increasing heart rate to 100 or more beats per minute;
• drowsiness;
• dizziness;
• nausea;
• noise in ears;
• vomiting.

If there was a heat stroke, you must at the earliest opportunity to leave the sunny place and move into the shade. The victim should take a horizontal position with raised legs. You must take off your clothes and possibly create air movement through the body. Then - to impose on the skin cooling compresses, give the patient a cold drink. In severe cases, heat stroke may experience convulsions, loss of consciousness, hallucinations. When these symptoms immediately call an ambulance!

What to do if you have suffered themselves

The most common mistake - to rely on themselves.

Upon receipt of injury need to try and hold the elementary self-diagnosis. To evaluate the nature of the injury, his general condition, the ability to move. If possible move independently not use the telephone to call special services. A single emergency number in Russia - 112, emergency number - 103.

And do not hesitate to ask for help from others!